Mu Fangxiang, Liu Lin, Wang Weijing, Wang Mei, Wang Fang
Department of Reproductive Medicine Lanzhou University Second Hospital Lanzhou Gansu China.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Aug 22;12(10):8150-8158. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4412. eCollection 2024 Oct.
This study aims to explore the link between dietary habits and adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), including preterm birth (PB), preeclampsia (PE), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), fetal growth restriction (FGR), and spontaneous abortion (SA) through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). We accessed publicly available genome-wide association studies' (GWAS) summary statistics for dietary habits and APOs, respectively. We used five MR methods to synthesize MR estimates across genetic instruments. To ensure the robustness of our results, we assessed heterogeneity, and horizontal pleiotropy, and conducted sensitivity analyses. The primary analysis showed that intake of dried fruit (odds ratio (OR), 0.522; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.291-0.935) and fresh fruit (OR, 0.487; 95% CI: 0.247-0.960) was related to a decreased risk of PB. While intake of tea (OR, 1.602; 95% CI: 1.069-2.403) and poultry (OR, 6.314; 95% CI: 1.266-31.488) was linked to a heightened risk of PB. Cheese intake was a protective factor against PE (OR, 0.557; 95% CI: 0.337-0.920) and GDM (OR, 0.391; 95% CI: 0.270-0.565). Intake of lamb/mutton had a negative relationship with PE (OR, 0.372; 95%CI: 0.145-0.954), whereas oily fish consumption showed a positive relationship with FGR (OR, 2.005; 95% CI: 1.205-3.339). However, after correction using the false discovery rate (FDR) analysis, only the intake of cheese showed a significant causal relationship with GDM ( .001). Our study preliminarily found that cheese intake was significantly associated with the lower risk of GDM, while others were suggestively associated with the risk of APOs. Well-designed prospective studies are still needed to confirm our findings in the future.
本研究旨在通过两样本孟德尔随机化（MR）探索饮食习惯与不良妊娠结局（APO）之间的联系，不良妊娠结局包括早产（PB）、先兆子痫（PE）、妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）、胎儿生长受限（FGR）和自然流产（SA）。我们分别获取了关于饮食习惯和APO的公开全基因组关联研究（GWAS）汇总统计数据。我们使用五种MR方法来综合跨基因工具的MR估计值。为确保结果的稳健性，我们评估了异质性和水平多效性，并进行了敏感性分析。初步分析表明，食用干果（比值比（OR），0.522；95%置信区间（CI）：0.291 - 0.935）和新鲜水果（OR，0.487；95%CI：0.247 - 0.960）与PB风险降低有关。而喝茶（OR，1.602；95%CI：1.069 - 2.4）和食用家禽（OR，6.314；95%CI：1.266 - 31.488）与PB风险升高有关。摄入奶酪是预防PE（OR，0.557；95%CI：0.337 - 0.）和GDM（OR，0.391；95%CI：0.270 - 0.565）的保护因素。食用羊肉与PE呈负相关（OR，0.372；95%CI：0.145 - 0.954），而食用油性鱼类与FGR呈正相关（OR，2.005；95%CI：1.205 - 3.339）。然而，在使用错误发现率（FDR）分析进行校正后，只有奶酪的摄入量与GDM存在显著因果关系（P < 0.001）。我们的研究初步发现，摄入奶酪与较低的GDM风险显著相关，而其他因素与APO风险存在提示性关联。未来仍需要设计良好的前瞻性研究来证实我们的发现。
