Belgheisi Saba, Motamedzadegan Ali, Rashidi Ladan, Milani Jafar M, Rafe Ali
Department of Food, Halal and Agricultural Products Research Group Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Standard Research Institute (SRI) Karaj Iran.
Department of Food Science and Technology Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University Sari Iran.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Aug 29;12(10):8233-8242. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4225. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Since the recycling of composites from plant tissues is difficult, extraction of bioactive compounds from plant sources requires pre-treatment by new technology such as pulsed electric fields (PEF). Due to the reduced consumption of organic solvents, the extractive techniques such as using supercritical CO (SC-CO) are of interest to researchers. This work aimed to investigating the influences of different parameters of SC-CO (pressure, modifier volume, temperature, and dynamic time) and PEF (frequency and field strength) treatments on the amount extraction of β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, β-cryptoxanthin, total phenol content (TPC), and also antioxidant activity percentage of tomato to obtain the optimum circumstances extraction via PEF and SC-CO methods. PEF data showed that treatments with moderate intensity (1 Hz and 0. 25 kV/cm) enhanced the extractability of lycopene (88%), β-carotene (69%), and β-cryptoxanthin (24%). The maximum recovery in total polyphenols was achieved at a 1 Hz and 1.75 kV/cm, leading to a 41.68% growth. The SC-CO results showed that extraction at 55°C and 35 MPa, and in a short time of 20 min (without any modifier: methanol) resulted in the highest levels of carotenoids (100% recovery), especially lycopene, and antioxidant activity. Largest value of total polyphenols was obtained at 35 MPa, 35°C, during 30 min, and 250 μL methanol as a modifier (58.79% recovery). Results showed that the extraction of polyphenols, unlike carotenoids, required a modifier. Organic solvents, often called modifiers, are sometimes added to the supercritical fluid to increase the polarity range of the extraction process and to help overcome analyte retention in the matrix. In this study, methanol was used as a modifier in different volumes. Therefore, the SC-CO gentle processing conditions, compared with PEF, improved the recovery of tomato bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to optimize such treatments.
由于从植物组织中回收复合材料很困难，从植物来源中提取生物活性化合物需要通过诸如脉冲电场（PEF）等新技术进行预处理。由于有机溶剂消耗的减少，诸如使用超临界CO（SC-CO）的提取技术引起了研究人员的兴趣。这项工作旨在研究SC-CO的不同参数（压力、改性剂体积、温度和动态时间）和PEF（频率和场强）处理对番茄中β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素、叶黄素、β-隐黄质、总酚含量（TPC）的提取量以及抗氧化活性百分比的影响，以通过PEF和SC-CO方法获得最佳提取条件。PEF数据表明，中等强度（1 Hz和0.25 kV/cm）的处理提高了番茄红素（88%）、β-胡萝卜素（69%）和β-隐黄质（24%）的提取率。在1 Hz和1.75 kV/cm时，总多酚的回收率最高，增长了41.68%。SC-CO结果表明，在55°C和35 MPa下，在短时间20分钟（无任何改性剂：甲醇）内进行提取，类胡萝卜素的含量最高（回收率100%），尤其是番茄红素，并且抗氧化活性最高。在35 MPa、35°C、30分钟以及250 μL甲醇作为改性剂的条件下，总多酚的含量最高（回收率58.79%）。结果表明，与类胡萝卜素不同，多酚的提取需要改性剂。有机溶剂，通常称为改性剂，有时会添加到超临界流体中，以扩大提取过程的极性范围，并有助于克服分析物在基质中的保留。在本研究中，甲醇被用作不同体积的改性剂。因此，与PEF相比，SC-CO温和的处理条件提高了番茄生物活性化合物的回收率和抗氧化活性。然而，需要进一步研究来优化此类处理。
