Rozzi N L, Singh R K, Vierling R A, Watkins B A
Center for Enhancing Foods to Protect Health, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Apr 24;50(9):2638-43. doi: 10.1021/jf011001t.
Tomato seeds and skins acquired from the byproduct of a local tomato processing facility were studied for supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of phytochemicals. The extracts were analyzed for lycopene, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and delta-tocopherol content using high-performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection and compared to a chemically extracted control. SFEs were carried out using CO(2) at seven temperatures (32-86 degrees C) and six pressures (13.78-48.26 MPa). The effect of CO(2) flow rate and volume also was investigated. The results indicated that the percentage of lycopene extracted increased with elevated temperature and pressure until a maximum recovery of 38.8% was reached at 86 degrees C and 34.47 MPa, after which the amount of lycopene extracted decreased. Conditions for the optimum extraction of lycopene from 3 g of raw material were determined to be 86 degrees C, 34.47 MPa, and 500 mL of CO(2) at a flow rate of 2.5 mL/min. These conditions resulted in the extraction of 61.0% of the lycopene (7.19 microg lycopene/g).
对从当地番茄加工设施的副产品中获取的番茄种子和果皮进行了研究，以采用超临界流体萃取（SFE）法提取植物化学物质。使用高效液相色谱 - 电化学检测法分析提取物中的番茄红素、β-胡萝卜素、α-胡萝卜素、α-生育酚、γ-生育酚和δ-生育酚含量，并与化学提取的对照物进行比较。超临界流体萃取在七个温度（32 - 86摄氏度）和六个压力（13.78 - 48.26兆帕）下使用二氧化碳进行。还研究了二氧化碳流速和体积的影响。结果表明，番茄红素的提取百分比随温度和压力升高而增加，直到在86摄氏度和34.47兆帕时达到最大回收率38.8%，此后提取的番茄红素量减少。从3克原料中最佳提取番茄红素的条件确定为86摄氏度、34.47兆帕以及500毫升二氧化碳，流速为2.5毫升/分钟。这些条件导致提取了61.0%的番茄红素（7.19微克番茄红素/克）。
