Bozkuş Tuğba Nigar
Laboratory Technology Program, Artvin Vocational School Artvin Çoruh University Artvin Turkey.
Food Sci Nutr. 2024 Aug 11;12(10):7798-7805. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.4400. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Propolis is a natural substance produced by honey bees by processing the secretions collected from various plants with their own enzymes. Caucasian honey bee is one of the productive bee races known in the world and its homeland in Türkiye is Northeastern Anatolia. This study is the first comprehensive research to determine, compare, and correlate the effects of various solvents and temperatures on 17 different Caucasian bee propolis obtained from different locations in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The highest total polyphenol and flavonoid contents (TPC and TFC) in Caucasian bee propolis extracts varied between 23.37-97.62 mg gallic acid per gram (GA/g) of propolis and 6.73-43.75 mg quercetin per gram (Q/g) of propolis in ethanolic extract at 60°C. While ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) did not differ at both temperatures, the highest was determined in ethanolic extracts. Analyses of propolis samples according to locations did not show any significant differences in terms of TPC, TFC, and FRAP. By Pearson's correlation analysis, it was found that each of the extracts showed a positive correlation between TPC, TFC, and FRAP. As a result, it was revealed that the main difference in the phenolic content and antioxidant activities of propolis obtained from gene centers of Caucasian bee race was due to the polarity of the solvent used and temperature, and that there was no difference between locations within a single bee race. This pioneering study shows that Caucasian bee propolis has a high potential that can pave the way for different research in this field.
蜂胶是蜜蜂通过用自身酶处理从各种植物收集的分泌物而产生的天然物质。高加索蜜蜂是世界上已知的高产蜜蜂品种之一，其原产于土耳其的安纳托利亚东北部。本研究是首次全面研究，旨在确定、比较并关联不同溶剂和温度对从不同地点获取的17种不同高加索蜜蜂蜂胶在酚类含量和抗氧化活性方面的影响。高加索蜜蜂蜂胶提取物中总多酚和黄酮类化合物含量（TPC和TFC）最高的情况是，在60°C乙醇提取物中，每克蜂胶的含量分别在23.37 - 97.62毫克没食子酸（GA/g）和每克蜂胶6.73 - 43.75毫克槲皮素（Q/g）之间。虽然在两个温度下铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）没有差异，但在乙醇提取物中测得的数值最高。根据产地对蜂胶样品进行分析，在TPC、TFC和FRAP方面未显示出任何显著差异。通过皮尔逊相关分析发现，每种提取物的TPC、TFC和FRAP之间均呈正相关。结果表明，从高加索蜜蜂品种基因中心获取的蜂胶在酚类含量和抗氧化活性方面的主要差异是由于所用溶剂的极性和温度，并且在单一蜜蜂品种内不同产地之间没有差异。这项开创性研究表明，高加索蜜蜂蜂胶具有很高的潜力，可为该领域的不同研究铺平道路。
