Division of Reproductive Child Health and Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India.
School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
Clin Nutr. 2024 Dec;43(12):199-208. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.10.028. Epub 2024 Oct 22.
BACKGROUND & AIM: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women throughout their reproductive age and characterised via polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and irregular menstruation. There is rising evidence that the pathophysiology of PCOS is significantly affected via the gut microbiota and its metabolic products.
This narrative review synthesizes current literature exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and PCOS. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies. Further this review also analysed therapeutic options of probiotics, prebiotics, Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT), high fiber and poly phenol rich diet and novel therapeutic agents in treatment of PCOS.
Emerging evidence suggests alterations in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota in women with PCOS. The current literature showed a complex relationship of gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism, intestinal permeability and LPS (Lipid Polysaccharide) metabolism, gut-brain axis and bile acid (BA) pathway within etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. Additionally, the factors such as diet, lifestyle, genetics, and environmental influences may all contribute to alterations in gut microbiota that could potentially exacerbate or mitigate PCOS symptoms.
The review provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay between the gut and female reproductive health. The present evidence suggested that alterations in diversity and function of the gut microbiota may lead to specific pathogenic changes that lead to development of PCOS. A comprehensive understanding of these microbial dynamics may lead to new therapeutic approaches that target the gut micro biome.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种影响女性生殖期的复杂内分泌疾病，其特征为多囊卵巢、高雄激素血症和月经不规律。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群及其代谢产物对 PCOS 的病理生理学有显著影响。
本综述综合了目前探索肠道微生物群与 PCOS 之间关系的文献。通过全面搜索电子数据库，确定了相关研究。此外，本综述还分析了益生菌、益生元、粪便微生物群移植（FMT）、高纤维和富含多酚的饮食以及治疗 PCOS 的新型治疗剂的治疗选择。
新兴证据表明，PCOS 女性的肠道微生物群组成和多样性发生改变。目前的文献表明，肠道微生物群、短链脂肪酸（SCFA）代谢、肠通透性和 LPS（脂多糖）代谢、肠-脑轴和胆汁酸（BA）途径在 PCOS 的病因和发病机制中存在复杂的关系。此外，饮食、生活方式、遗传和环境等因素都可能导致肠道微生物群的改变，从而可能加重或减轻 PCOS 症状。
该综述提供了关于肠道和女性生殖健康之间复杂相互作用的有价值的见解。目前的证据表明，肠道微生物群的多样性和功能改变可能导致特定的致病变化，从而导致 PCOS 的发生。全面了解这些微生物动态可能会导致针对肠道微生物群的新治疗方法。
