College of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, People's Republic of China.
Hunan Taohuajiang Bamboo Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Taojiang, 413400, China.
Sci Rep. 2024 Oct 31;14(1):26207. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-72741-0.
Especially, the processing and utilization of biomass-based material is closely related to the vessel, e.g. the flow of vapour and additive. It is conventional that vessels in most plants can influence on water and nutrients transport between adjacent cells, which could just infer to be important in the wood-based panel industries. In this work, a complete characterization of vessels and pits is presented for three conventional biomasses in wood-based panel: poplar (Populus deltoides) (P), moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) (B), and the fruit shell of oil camellia (Camellia Oleifera) (FS_OC). Every material is analyzed by combining several techniques including: light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and surveying calculations from resin casting. The results show that among the three biomass materials, B has a significantly larger vessel width (164.8 ± 6.0 μm for B, 2.2 ± 6.2 μm for P, 10.0 ± 0.8 μm for FS_OC) and smaller inclination angle of the perforation plates (6.8° for B, 44.7° for P), which is more conductive to improving moisture transfer between the vessels. The vessel length of P varies widely from 676.8 μm to 1025.2 μm, which is related to its seasonal growth. By resin casting analysis, more differences in the morphology and distribution of pits in the vessel walls were observed between the three species. Such as, For B, there are numerous pits between vessel cells, while very few to none between vessel and parenchyma cells or fiber. In addition to pits, B and FS_OC also have spiral thickening structures on their vessel walls. The pit membrane is an elliptical shape in P, while slit-like shape in FS_OC and a combination of both elliptical and slit-like shape in bamboo. The unique microstructural characteristics of vessels is related to the individual plant growth traits, which is the basis for biomass-based material processing and utilization.
特别是，生物质基材料的加工和利用与容器密切相关，例如蒸汽和添加剂的流动。大多数工厂中的容器会影响相邻细胞之间的水分和养分运输，这在木质板材行业中可能很重要，这是传统的观点。在这项工作中，对木质板材中三种常规生物质的导管和纹孔进行了全面的特征描述：杨木（Populus deltoides）（P）、毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）（B）和油茶果壳（Camellia Oleifera）（FS_OC）。每种材料都通过结合几种技术进行分析，包括：光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和树脂铸型测量计算。结果表明，在三种生物质材料中，B 的导管宽度显著更大（B 为 164.8±6.0μm，P 为 2.2±6.2μm，FS_OC 为 10.0±0.8μm），穿孔板的倾斜角度更小（B 为 6.8°，P 为 44.7°），这更有利于提高导管之间的水分传输。P 的导管长度变化范围很宽，从 676.8μm 到 1025.2μm，这与其季节性生长有关。通过树脂铸型分析，在三种物种之间观察到导管壁上纹孔的形态和分布有更多差异。例如，对于 B，导管细胞之间有许多纹孔，而导管和薄壁组织细胞或纤维之间则很少或没有纹孔。除了纹孔，B 和 FS_OC 的导管壁上还有螺旋加厚结构。P 的纹孔膜呈椭圆形，FS_OC 的呈狭缝状，而 B 的呈椭圆形和狭缝状的组合。导管的独特微观结构特征与植物个体生长特性有关，这是生物质基材料加工和利用的基础。
