Medical Technology Program, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Center for Innovation and Standard for Medical Technology and Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2024 Oct 31;24(1):380. doi: 10.1186/s12906-024-04675-z.
Skin commensal bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis) can help defend against skin infections, and they are increasingly being recognized for their role in benefiting skin health. This study aims to demonstrate the activities that Myristica fragrans Houtt. seed extracts, crude extract (CE) and essential oil (EO), have in terms of promoting the growth of the skin commensal bacterium S. epidermidis and providing metabolites under culture conditions to disrupt the biofilm formation of the common pathogen Staphylococcus aureus.
The culture supernatant obtained from a co-culture of S. epidermidis with M. fragrans Houtt. seed extracts in either CE or EO forms were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), in silico investigations, and applied to assess the survival and biofilm formation of S. aureus.
The combination of commensal bacteria with M. fragrans Houtt. seed extract either CE or EO produced metabolic compounds such as short-chain fatty acids and antimicrobial peptides, contributing to the antimicrobial activity. This antimicrobial activity was related to downregulating key genes involved in bacterial adherence and biofilm development in S. aureus, including cna, agr, and fnbA.
These findings suggest that using the culture supernatant of the commensal bacteria in combination with CE or EO may provide a potential approach to combat biofilm formation and control the bacterial proliferation of S. aureus. This may be a putative non-invasive therapeutic strategy for maintaining a healthy skin microbiota and preventing skin infections.
皮肤共生菌（表皮葡萄球菌）可以帮助抵御皮肤感染，并且越来越多的人认识到它们在促进皮肤健康方面的作用。本研究旨在展示肉豆蔻种子提取物、粗提取物（CE）和精油（EO）的活性，即在培养条件下促进皮肤共生菌表皮葡萄球菌生长并提供代谢物，以破坏常见病原体金黄色葡萄球菌的生物膜形成。
用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）和液相色谱串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）分析表皮葡萄球菌与肉豆蔻种子提取物共培养物的培养上清液，进行计算机模拟研究，并应用于评估金黄色葡萄球菌的存活和生物膜形成。
共生菌与肉豆蔻种子提取物 CE 或 EO 的组合产生了短链脂肪酸和抗菌肽等代谢物，从而发挥了抗菌活性。这种抗菌活性与下调金黄色葡萄球菌中与细菌黏附和生物膜发育相关的关键基因有关，包括 cna、agr 和 fnbA。
这些发现表明，使用共生菌的培养上清液与 CE 或 EO 联合使用可能提供一种潜在的方法来对抗生物膜形成并控制金黄色葡萄球菌的细菌增殖。这可能是一种潜在的非侵入性治疗策略，用于维持健康的皮肤微生物群并预防皮肤感染。
