Michaud Tzeyu L, Samson Kaeli, Chang Su-Hsin, Gustafson Christopher R, Dai Hongying Daisy
Department of Health Promotion, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Center for Reducing Health Disparities, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2025;60(2):219-227. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2422954. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
Contingency management involves rewarding individuals based on objective evidence of behavioral changes. This study explores preferences for financial incentives in vaping cessation programs.
A discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted among young adult current e-cigarette users aged 19-29. DCE attributes (and levels) included reward amount ($100, $300), reward schedule (consistent value, escalating value), reward procedure (gain-framed, loss-framed), vaping education modules (yes, no), text messaging support (yes, no), and cost ($30, $100). Participants were randomized into one of the four blocks, each containing four choice sets. Each choice set presented two hypothetical vaping cessation programs. Choice data (n × choice sets × alternative programs = 154 × 4 × 2 = 1,232 observations) were analyzed using generalized estimation equation models.
Participants showed a preference for vaping cessation programs offering a higher reward amount (odds ratio [OR] = 11.5; 95% CI,7.0-19.2), gain-framed rewards for sustained abstinence (OR = 1.4; 95% CI,1.0-1.8), text messaging support (OR = 1.9; 95% CI,1.4-2.5), and a lower program cost (OR = 2.6; 95% CI,1.8-3.8). Interaction tests showed significant effects of the rewards procedure among daily e-cigarette users (adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.1; 95% CI,1.3-3.5), but not some-day users; and among those with no quit attempts in the past six months (AOR = 2.7; 95% CI,1.5-4.7), but not those with previous quit attempts. Female participants preferred text messaging support (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI,2.3-5.4), whereas male participants did not show this preference.
A multifaceted vaping cessation intervention augmented with financial incentives might improve participation and engagement among young adults. Future studies should investigate how these attributes can enhance program reach and vaping abstinence outcomes in real-world settings.
应急管理涉及根据行为改变的客观证据对个人进行奖励。本研究探讨了电子烟戒烟项目中对经济激励措施的偏好。
对年龄在19至29岁的年轻成年电子烟使用者进行了一项离散选择实验（DCE）。DCE属性（及其水平）包括奖励金额（100美元、300美元）、奖励时间表（固定价值、递增价值）、奖励程序（获益框架、损失框架）、电子烟教育模块（有、无）、短信支持（有、无）以及成本（30美元、100美元）。参与者被随机分为四个组块之一，每个组块包含四个选择集。每个选择集展示两个假设的电子烟戒烟项目。使用广义估计方程模型对选择数据（n×选择集×替代项目 = 154×4×2 = 1232个观察值）进行分析。
参与者表现出对提供更高奖励金额的电子烟戒烟项目的偏好（优势比[OR]=11.5；95%置信区间，7.0 - 19.2）、对持续戒烟的获益框架奖励的偏好（OR = 1.4；95%置信区间，1.0 - 1.8）、对短信支持的偏好（OR = 1.9；95%置信区间，1.4 - 2.5）以及对较低项目成本的偏好（OR = 2.6；95%置信区间，1.8 - 3.8）。交互检验显示奖励程序对每日电子烟使用者有显著影响（调整后OR[AOR]=2.1；95%置信区间，1.3 - 3.5），但对偶尔使用者无显著影响；对过去六个月内没有戒烟尝试的人有显著影响（AOR = 2.7；95%置信区间，1.5 - 4.7），但对之前有过戒烟尝试的人无显著影响。女性参与者更喜欢短信支持（AOR = 3.6；95%置信区间，2.3 - 5.4），而男性参与者没有表现出这种偏好。
辅以经济激励措施的多方面电子烟戒烟干预可能会提高年轻人的参与度。未来的研究应调查这些属性如何在现实环境中提高项目覆盖面和电子烟戒断效果。
