Ghotbeddin Zohreh, Badripour Nima, Amini-Khoei Hossein, Basir Zahra, Balali-Dehkordi Shima
Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
Stem Cell and Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
IBRO Neurosci Rep. 2024 Oct 2;17:337-346. doi: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.006. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Brain injury is one of the most important causes of infant mortality and chronic neurological disabilities. Hypoxia is an acute brain injury which led to various cognitive, behavioral, and memory disorders throughout life. Previous studies reported neuroprotective possibilities for fish oil (FO) in brain-injured situations. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the FO diet during the lactation period on seizure activity, behavioral performance, histomorphometry, and inflammatory changes in the brains of hypoxia rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided in to 4 groups: Sham (intact rats), hypoxia, FO and FO+hypoxia groups. Hypoxia was induced by keeping neonate rats at PND12 in a hypoxic chamber (7 % oxygen and 93 % nitrogen intensity) for 15 minutes. In the FO groups, rats received oral FO (1 ml/day) for 12 days during the lactation period. Seizure activity was assessed by measuring the number of tonic-clonic seizures and seizure thresholds. Novel object recognition tests (NORT), rotarod, and open field tests were used to measure behavioral performances. A Histological study was performed to evaluate histomorphometric changes in the hippocampus and cerebellum. The gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was measured using RT-PCR Findings showed that the number of tonic-clonic seizures, atrophy, and cell death in the hippocampus and cerebellum, the gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus, and behavioral disorders were significantly increased in the hypoxia rats compared to the sham group. Administration of FO in the hypoxia groups significantly decreased the gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, the number of tonic-clonic seizures, and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and cerebellum compared to the hypoxia groups. Furthermore, it can improve behavioral tasks and cognitions.
脑损伤是婴儿死亡和慢性神经功能障碍的最重要原因之一。缺氧是一种急性脑损伤，可导致终身各种认知、行为和记忆障碍。先前的研究报道了鱼油（FO）在脑损伤情况下的神经保护可能性。在本研究中，我们评估了哺乳期FO饮食对缺氧大鼠脑内癫痫活动、行为表现、组织形态计量学和炎症变化的影响。雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为4组：假手术组（完整大鼠）、缺氧组、FO组和FO+缺氧组。通过将新生大鼠在出生后第12天置于缺氧箱（氧气浓度7%，氮气浓度93%）中15分钟来诱导缺氧。在FO组中，大鼠在哺乳期接受口服FO（1毫升/天），持续12天。通过测量强直阵挛性癫痫发作次数和癫痫阈值来评估癫痫活动。使用新颖物体识别测试（NORT）、转棒试验和旷场试验来测量行为表现。进行组织学研究以评估海马体和小脑的组织形态计量学变化。使用逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）测量肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）的基因表达。结果表明，与假手术组相比，缺氧大鼠海马体和小脑中强直阵挛性癫痫发作次数、萎缩和细胞死亡、海马体中TNF-α和IL-1β的基因表达以及行为障碍均显著增加。与缺氧组相比，缺氧组给予FO显著降低了TNF-α和IL-1β的基因表达、强直阵挛性癫痫发作次数以及海马体和小脑中神经元细胞死亡。此外，它还可以改善行为任务和认知。
