Ji Yinze, Han Xiaorong, Gu Yingzhen, Liu Jinxing, Li Yifan, Zhang Wei, Dang Aimin, Lv Naqiang
Premium Care Center, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, 100037 Beijing, China.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Oct 23;25(10):376. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2510376. eCollection 2024 Oct.
Despite the majority of studies have identified smoking as a risk factor for coronary artery calcification (CAC), some studies have not identified this relationship. Differences on results reached by studies on the association of alcohol consumption with CAC exist. Moreover, studies have almost exclusively investigated the association between smoking and alcohol consumption independently. Whether an interaction effect of alcohol on the association of smoking and CAC exists has hardly been investigated.
The data of 2431 adult patients who visited Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from September, 2001 to December, 2023 and had Agaston coronary artery calcification score (CACS) reported were utilized. Patients who (1) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary bypass graft and heart transplantation, or (2) were complicated by acute medical conditions, chronic kidney disease or malignant neoplasms were excluded. Data from 1528 patients were eventually analyzed. Logistic regression was employed to investigate the association of smoking and alcohol consumption with presence of CAC and severe CAC. Interaction effects of alcohol consumption history on the association of current smoking and both presence of and severe CAC were examined.
Smoking history was significantly associated with presence of CAC and severe CAC. Current alcohol consumption was also significantly associated with presence of CAC and severe CAC. After adjusting for confounders, alcohol consumption history demonstrated an interaction effect on the association of current smoking with both presence of and severe CAC. Using non-alcohol consumers not smoking at the time of the study as reference, current smokers with an alcohol consumption history suffered from an increased risk of presence of CAC and severe CAC.
Both smoking history and current alcohol consumption were associated with presence of and severe CAC. Alcohol consumption history demonstrated an interaction effect on the association of current smoking with both presence of and severe CAC.
尽管大多数研究已将吸烟确定为冠状动脉钙化（CAC）的危险因素，但一些研究并未发现这种关系。关于饮酒与CAC关联的研究结果存在差异。此外，研究几乎都是独立调查吸烟与饮酒之间的关联。酒精对吸烟与CAC关联是否存在交互作用几乎未被研究。
利用2001年9月至2023年12月期间在中国医学科学院阜外医院就诊且报告有阿加斯顿冠状动脉钙化评分（CACS）的2431例成年患者的数据。排除以下患者：（1）接受过经皮冠状动脉介入治疗、冠状动脉搭桥术和心脏移植的患者，或（2）合并急性疾病、慢性肾病或恶性肿瘤的患者。最终分析了1528例患者的数据。采用逻辑回归研究吸烟和饮酒与CAC存在及严重CAC的关联。检验饮酒史对当前吸烟与CAC存在及严重CAC关联的交互作用。
吸烟史与CAC存在及严重CAC显著相关。当前饮酒也与CAC存在及严重CAC显著相关。在调整混杂因素后，饮酒史对当前吸烟与CAC存在及严重CAC的关联显示出交互作用。以研究时不饮酒且不吸烟的人群为参照，有饮酒史的当前吸烟者患CAC存在及严重CAC的风险增加。
吸烟史和当前饮酒均与CAC存在及严重CAC相关。饮酒史对当前吸烟与CAC存在及严重CAC的关联显示出交互作用。
