Fleurence Rachael L, Alter Harvey J, Collins Francis S, Ward John W
Office of the Director, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA; email:
Department of Transfusion Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Annu Rev Med. 2025 Jan;76(1):29-41. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-050223-111239. Epub 2025 Jan 16.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is predominantly transmitted through parenteral exposures to infectious blood or body fluids. In 2019, approximately 58 million people worldwide were infected with HCV, and 290,000 deaths occurred due to hepatitis C-related conditions, despite hepatitis C being curable. There are substantial barriers to elimination, including the lack of widespread point-of-care diagnostics, cost of treatment, stigma associated with hepatitis C, and challenges in reaching marginalized populations, such as people who inject drugs. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set goals to eliminate hepatitis C by 2030. Several countries, including Australia, Egypt, Georgia, and Rwanda, have made remarkable progress toward hepatitis C elimination. In the United States, the Biden-Harris administration recently issued a plan for the national elimination of hepatitis C. Global progress has been uneven, however, and will need to accelerate considerably to reach the WHO's 2030 goals. Nevertheless, the global elimination of hepatitis C is within reach and should remain a high public health priority.
丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）主要通过非肠道途径接触感染性血液或体液传播。2019年，尽管丙型肝炎是可治愈的，但全球约有5800万人感染了HCV，29万人死于丙型肝炎相关疾病。消除丙型肝炎存在诸多障碍，包括缺乏广泛的即时检测诊断方法、治疗费用、与丙型肝炎相关的耻辱感，以及在接触边缘化人群（如注射毒品者）方面面临的挑战。世界卫生组织（WHO）已设定到2030年消除丙型肝炎的目标。包括澳大利亚、埃及、格鲁吉亚和卢旺达在内的几个国家在消除丙型肝炎方面取得了显著进展。在美国，拜登-哈里斯政府最近发布了一项全国消除丙型肝炎的计划。然而，全球进展并不均衡，需要大幅加速才能实现WHO的2030年目标。尽管如此，全球消除丙型肝炎是可以实现的，并且应继续作为一项高度优先的公共卫生事项。
