Madsen P M, Christiansen J
Dis Colon Rectum. 1986 Apr;29(4):279-82. doi: 10.1007/BF02553041.
Forty-three consecutive specimens of resected rectal carcinomas, 16 abdominoperineal and 27 anterior resections, were examined for distal intramural spread. Thirty-four of the resections were considered curative and nine palliative. Eighteen carcinomas (42 percent) showed no distal spread, and 14 (33 percent) showed very limited distal spread (0-5 mm). In the remaining cases, 11 (25 percent) had distal spread of more than 5 mm and eight of more than 10 mm. The eight carcinomas with distal spread of greater than 10 mm were advanced Dukes' C tumors. Only three were considered curable. All potentially curable carcinomas would have been resected adequately with a distal margin of only 1.5 cm except one signet-ring carcinoma with extensive lymph node metastases located in the lower rectum.
对43例连续切除的直肠癌标本进行检查，以确定其壁内远端扩散情况，其中16例行腹会阴联合切除术，27例行前切除术。34例切除被认为是根治性的，9例为姑息性的。18例癌（42%）未显示远端扩散，14例（33%）显示非常有限的远端扩散（0 - 5毫米）。在其余病例中，11例（25%）有超过5毫米的远端扩散，8例有超过10毫米的远端扩散。8例远端扩散超过10毫米的癌为进展期杜克C期肿瘤。只有3例被认为是可治愈的。除1例位于直肠下段、伴有广泛淋巴结转移的印戒细胞癌外，所有潜在可治愈的癌如果远端切缘仅1.5厘米，本可充分切除。
