Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Nov 15;287:117258. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117258. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
The current study evaluated the efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in mitigating the histo-biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita caused by arsenic. A medical plant (Moringa oleifera) known for its numerous pharmacological qualities, was added to three different diets at 0, 2, and 4 % level, prepared by mixing M. oleifera leaf extract with the basal diet. The 96 hr lethal concentration of arsenic to Labeo rohita was 20.25 mg L. One hundred and eighty healthy individuals of Labeo rohita were divided into four groups. One group served as control and other three groups were subjected to sub-lethal concentration 4.05 mg L (1/5th of LC) of arsenic, with or without Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplementation for 28 days. Fish exposed to arsenic experienced significant histological alterations, higher cortisol levels, impaired antioxidant status, elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), and upregulated relative expression of the cytochrome P450 gene.". But, in fish fed with diets containing 2 % or 4 % M. oleifera leaf extract, the histological alterations were reduced, level of liver enzymes, cortisol and the upregulation of anti-oxidant enzyme and cytochrome P450 gene expression was normalized, with (4 %) M. oleifera leaf extract supplemented diet exhibiting stronger effects. These results suggest the protective and therapeutic roles of M. oleifera as a feed supplement in Labeo rohita against arsenic induced toxicity.
本研究评估了辣木叶提取物在减轻砷引起的罗非鱼组织生化变化中的功效。辣木叶作为一种具有多种药理学特性的药用植物，被添加到三种不同的饲料中，添加水平分别为 0、2 和 4%，通过将辣木叶提取物与基础饲料混合制备。砷对罗非鱼的 96 小时半致死浓度为 20.25mg/L。将 180 条健康的罗非鱼个体分为四组。一组作为对照组，另外三组则暴露于亚致死浓度 4.05mg/L（LC 的 1/5）的砷中，或添加或不添加辣木叶提取物补充剂，持续 28 天。暴露于砷的鱼经历了明显的组织学变化、更高的皮质醇水平、抗氧化状态受损、肝脏酶（ALT、AST 和 ALP）升高以及细胞色素 P450 基因的相对表达上调。但是，在摄食含有 2%或 4%辣木叶提取物的饲料的鱼中，组织学变化减少，肝脏酶、皮质醇和抗氧化酶以及细胞色素 P450 基因表达的上调得到了正常化，而添加 4%辣木叶提取物的饲料表现出更强的效果。这些结果表明，辣木叶作为一种饲料添加剂，在罗非鱼中具有保护和治疗作用，可预防砷诱导的毒性。
