University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory and Office of Clinical Director, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2024 Dec;70:101471. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2024.101471. Epub 2024 Oct 30.
Impulsivity and cognitive function are essential for understanding behavioral regulation, particularly in relation to health-risk behaviors like substance use, physical activity, and academic performance. This study examined the factor structure underlying executive function in adolescents using the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. We explored how parental monitoring moderates, and peer network health and perceived stress mediate, relationships between cognitive function and outcomes such as BMI, physical activity, and academic performance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) on 2228 observations identified a four-factor model (BIC = -97.92, RMSEA = 0.040, TLI = 0.936), validated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) (CFI = 0.961, RMSEA = 0.055). Structural equation modeling (SEM) on 5902 observations showed that parental monitoring moderated Factor 1 (adaptive impulsivity) in relation to physical activity and academic performance, while peer network health mediated Factor 2 (emotional impulsivity) effects on BMI and physical activity. This model underscores the influence of peer relationships, parental involvement, and stress on cognitive, health, and academic outcomes, suggesting that interventions enhancing peer support, reducing stress, and promoting healthy behaviors may improve adolescent well-being.
冲动性和认知功能对于理解行为调节至关重要，特别是在与健康风险行为（如物质使用、身体活动和学业成绩）相关的情况下。本研究使用 UPPS-P 冲动行为量表和 NIH 工具包认知电池，研究了青少年执行功能的潜在结构。我们探讨了父母监督如何调节，以及同伴网络健康和感知压力如何调节认知功能与 BMI、身体活动和学业成绩等结果之间的关系。对 2228 个观测值进行的探索性因素分析（EFA）确定了一个四因素模型（BIC = -97.92，RMSEA = 0.040，TLI = 0.936），通过验证性因素分析（CFA）进行了验证（CFI = 0.961，RMSEA = 0.055）。对 5902 个观测值进行的结构方程建模（SEM）表明，父母监督调节了与身体活动和学业成绩相关的第一因素（适应性冲动），而同伴网络健康则调节了第二因素（情绪冲动）对 BMI 和身体活动的影响。该模型强调了同伴关系、父母参与和压力对认知、健康和学业结果的影响，表明增强同伴支持、减轻压力和促进健康行为的干预措施可能会改善青少年的幸福感。
