Lillo-Triguero L, Del Castillo-Rueda A, Bellón J M, Peraita-Adrados R
Neurology and Sleep Unit, Ruber International Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Internal Medicine Department, University General Hospital and Research Institute Gregorio Marañón, University Complutense of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain.
Rev Clin Esp (Barc). 2025 Jan;225(1):9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.rceng.2024.10.009. Epub 2024 Oct 31.
Blood donation is suggested to increase the risk of restless legs syndrome (RLS). This study aims to assess the prevalence of RLS in Spanish blood donors and determined its potential correlation with iron metabolism parameters.
Prospective cohort study of 129 blood donors (54.3% men, 39.44 years ± 11.0) that underwent a physical examination, blood analysis (hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation index and soluble transferrin receptor) and a RLS screening questionnaire followed by a prospective follow-up study including a clinical phone interview. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to examine the association between RLS and other variables.
Eighty-four (65.1%) participants were repeat blood donors (mean of 2.11 donations/year) at inclusion and 61 (47.4%) at follow-up (mean of 2.09 donations/year). Non-anemic iron deficiency (ferritin < 50 µg/l) was high in women p < 0.001 and in repeat donors (p = 0.003). The prevalence of RLS was 14.1% at inclusion increasing prospectively (19.5%; p = 0.065). On multivariate analysis, gender was the only variable significantly associated with a RLS diagnosis, being higher in women (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.71-15.3; p = 0.003).
Despite the high prevalence of non-anemic iron deficiency there was no association between ferritin, transferrin saturation index, soluble transferrin receptor concentration values and RLS diagnosis. Gender was associated with RLS diagnosis regardless of other variables.
有研究表明献血会增加患不宁腿综合征（RLS）的风险。本研究旨在评估西班牙献血者中RLS的患病率，并确定其与铁代谢参数的潜在相关性。
对129名献血者进行前瞻性队列研究（男性占54.3%，年龄39.44岁±11.0岁），这些献血者接受了体格检查、血液分析（血红蛋白、铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度指数和可溶性转铁蛋白受体）以及RLS筛查问卷，随后进行前瞻性随访研究，包括临床电话访谈。采用多因素逻辑回归模型来检验RLS与其他变量之间的关联。
纳入研究时，84名（65.1%）参与者为重复献血者（平均每年献血2.11次），随访时为61名（47.4%）（平均每年献血2.09次）。女性（p<0.001）和重复献血者（p = 0.003）中非贫血性缺铁（铁蛋白<50μg/l）的发生率较高。纳入研究时RLS的患病率为14.1%，随访时呈上升趋势（19.5%；p = 0.065）。多因素分析显示，性别是与RLS诊断显著相关的唯一变量，女性的患病率更高（比值比5.1；95%可信区间1.71 - 15.3；p = 0.003）。
尽管非贫血性缺铁的发生率较高，但铁蛋白、转铁蛋白饱和度指数、可溶性转铁蛋白受体浓度值与RLS诊断之间并无关联。无论其他变量如何，性别都与RLS诊断相关。
