Yildirim Oyku Su, Yildiz Pelin, Karaer Abdullah, Calleja-Agius Jean, Ozcan Sureyya
Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkiye.
Reproductive Sciences & Advanced Bioinformatics Application & Research Center, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkiye; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Inonu University, 44280, Malatya, Turkiye.
Eur J Surg Oncol. 2025 Apr;51(4):108783. doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2024.108783. Epub 2024 Oct 24.
Endometrial cancer (EC) is increasing incidence among women, and it constitutes a health problem for women globally. An important aspect of EC management involves the use of protein biomarkers for early detection and monitoring. Protein biomarkers allow the identification of high-risk patients, the detection of the disease in its early stages, and the assessment of treatment responses. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics offers robust analytical techniques and a comprehensive understanding of proteins. Proteomics methods allow scientists to investigate both the quantities and functions of proteins. Thus, it provides valuable insights into how proteins are altered under different conditions. This review summarizes recent advances in MS-based proteomic biomarker discovery for EC, focusing on different sample types and MS-based techniques used in clinical studies. The review emphasized in detail the most commonly used key sources such as blood, urine, vaginal fluids and tissue. Furthermore, MS-based proteomics techniques such as untargeted, targeted, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) and mass spectrometry imaging used in the discovery and validation/validation phases were evaluated. This review highlights the importance of biomarker discovery and clinical translation to improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes in EC. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of MS-based proteomics in EC, guiding future research and clinical applications.
子宫内膜癌（EC）在女性中的发病率正在上升，它是全球女性面临的一个健康问题。EC管理的一个重要方面涉及使用蛋白质生物标志物进行早期检测和监测。蛋白质生物标志物有助于识别高危患者、在疾病早期进行检测以及评估治疗反应。基于质谱（MS）的蛋白质组学提供了强大的分析技术和对蛋白质的全面理解。蛋白质组学方法使科学家能够研究蛋白质的数量和功能。因此，它为了解蛋白质在不同条件下如何变化提供了有价值的见解。本综述总结了基于MS的蛋白质组学生物标志物发现用于EC的最新进展，重点关注临床研究中使用的不同样本类型和基于MS的技术。该综述详细强调了最常用的关键来源，如血液、尿液、阴道分泌物和组织。此外，还评估了在发现和验证/确认阶段使用的基于MS的蛋白质组学技术，如非靶向、靶向、所有理论质谱的序列窗口采集（SWATH-MS）和质谱成像。本综述强调了生物标志物发现和临床转化对于改善EC诊断和治疗结果的重要性。它旨在全面概述基于MS的蛋白质组学在EC中的应用，为未来的研究和临床应用提供指导。
