Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 Dec 5;480:136342. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.136342. Epub 2024 Oct 28.
The ecological safety of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) in the environment determines the advancement of nano-agriculture owing to breakthroughs in nanotechnology; however, the release of Cu is an uncontrollable factor. Currently, the trade-off mechanisms of CuO NPs and Cu dominating the potential hazards of plant-nano systems remain unclear. This study proposed the trade-off strategy for reconstructing physiological responses and metabolic profiles and deciphered the differential regulation of dominant CuO NPs and Cu in plants. The results showed that 100 and 500 mg/kg CuO NPs promoted root fresh weight but reduced shoot fresh weight, while 1000 mg/kg Cu demonstrated the strongest inhibition on both roots and shoots. The net photosynthetic perturbation in photosynthetic disorders is accompanied by superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide accumulation, which are severe under 1000 mg/kg CuO NPs and Cu stress. Metabolomics revealed that CuO NPs significantly altered coumaric acid and derivatives, for example, down-regulating coumaroyl hexoside (isomers of 690 and 691) by 40.79 %. Additionally, Cu treatment severely interfered with the dominant metabolic response, activating plant hormone signal transduction and α-linolenic acid metabolism. The trade-off strategies of galactose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, pantothenate and coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, and β-alanine metabolism as differential metabolism were confirmed by comparing the CuO NPs and Cu exposure. Protein secondary structure analysis revealed specific regulation of protein conformation upon exposure to CuO NPs and Cu. These findings provide new insights into differential metabolism and environmental effects in plant-nano systems.
氧化铜纳米颗粒（CuO NPs）在环境中的生态安全性决定了纳米农业的发展，因为纳米技术有了突破；然而，铜的释放是一个不可控的因素。目前，CuO NPs 和 Cu 主导植物-纳米系统潜在危害的权衡机制尚不清楚。本研究提出了重建生理响应和代谢谱的权衡策略，并破译了主导 CuO NPs 和 Cu 在植物中的差异调控。结果表明，100 和 500mg/kg CuO NPs 促进了根鲜重，但降低了茎鲜重，而 1000mg/kg Cu 对根和茎的抑制作用最强。在光合障碍中，净光合的扰动伴随着超氧阴离子和过氧化氢的积累，在 1000mg/kg CuO NPs 和 Cu 胁迫下更为严重。代谢组学表明，CuO NPs 显著改变了香豆酸及其衍生物，例如，下调了 40.79%的香豆酰己糖苷（异构体 690 和 691）。此外，Cu 处理严重干扰了主导的代谢响应，激活了植物激素信号转导和α-亚麻酸代谢。通过比较 CuO NPs 和 Cu 暴露，证实了半乳糖代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢、泛酸和辅酶 A（CoA）生物合成以及β-丙氨酸代谢作为差异代谢的权衡策略。蛋白质二级结构分析表明，CuO NPs 和 Cu 暴露后，蛋白质构象受到特定调节。这些发现为植物-纳米系统中的差异代谢和环境效应提供了新的见解。
