Musto Jessica Ann, Brown Randall, Lucey Michael Ronan
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
J Hepatol. 2025 Mar;82(3):535-540. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2024.10.024. Epub 2024 Nov 1.
In order to understand and curb the harms related to alcohol, it will be necessary to think beyond patterns of use that meet criteria for a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder or addiction. Current research suggests that regular daily alcohol use does not confer a health benefit, and, for many persons, even relatively low consumption is associated with a health risk. Determining a safe limit for alcohol consumption is challenging both for the individual person and for society. We conclude that excessive drinking is always risky. We provide a list of circumstances, such as chronic illness, driving a vehicle, or pregnancy where persons should be advised to abstain from alcohol. We recognise the need to encourage less consumption of alcohol, particularly in young adults and older adults with co-morbid conditions (especially if taking multiple medications). Finally, we offer the modest proposal that, for persons without the contributing negative influences described above, consumption which adheres to one drink per session, with interspersed abstinent days, does not constitute a meaningful risk to health.
为了理解并遏制与酒精相关的危害，有必要超越符合酒精使用障碍或成瘾诊断标准的使用模式去思考。当前研究表明，日常规律饮酒并无健康益处，而且对许多人来说，即使相对少量饮酒也与健康风险相关。确定酒精消费的安全限度对个人和社会而言都具有挑战性。我们得出结论，过度饮酒始终存在风险。我们列出了一些情形，比如患有慢性病、驾驶车辆或怀孕，在这些情况下应建议人们戒酒。我们认识到有必要鼓励减少酒精消费，尤其是在年轻人以及患有合并症的老年人中（特别是正在服用多种药物的情况下）。最后，我们提出一个适度的建议，对于没有上述不利影响因素的人来说，每次饮酒一杯且穿插有戒酒日的饮酒行为，对健康不构成重大风险。
