Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Cardiology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Cytokine. 2024 Dec;184:156794. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156794. Epub 2024 Oct 29.
The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted the exploration of effective treatment options, with dexamethasone emerging as a key corticosteroid for severe cases. This review evaluates the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone, highlighting its ability to reduce mortality rates, alleviate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and mitigate hyperinflammation. While dexamethasone shows therapeutic promise, potential adverse effects-including cardiovascular issues, neuropsychiatric complications, lung infections, and liver damage-necessitate careful monitoring and individualized treatment strategies. The review also addresses the debate over using dexamethasone alone versus in combination with other therapies targeting SARS-CoV-2, examining potential synergistic effects and drug resistance. In summary, dexamethasone is a valuable treatment option for COVID-19 but its risks highlight the need for tailored surveillance approaches. Further research is essential to establish clear guidelines for optimizing treatment and improving patient outcomes.
COVID-19 大流行促使人们探索有效的治疗选择，地塞米松作为重症患者的关键皮质类固醇药物脱颖而出。本综述评估了地塞米松的疗效和安全性，强调其降低死亡率、缓解急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和减轻过度炎症的能力。虽然地塞米松显示出治疗潜力，但潜在的不良反应——包括心血管问题、神经精神并发症、肺部感染和肝损伤——需要仔细监测和个体化治疗策略。该综述还探讨了使用地塞米松单独治疗与联合治疗 SARS-CoV-2 的争议，评估了潜在的协同作用和耐药性。总之，地塞米松是 COVID-19 的一种有价值的治疗选择，但它的风险突出表明需要采用针对性的监测方法。进一步的研究对于制定明确的治疗优化指南和改善患者预后至关重要。
