Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 9, 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Chemosphere. 2024 Nov;367:143641. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143641. Epub 2024 Nov 1.
Graphene oxide nanoparticles (GO) (have promising properties for, electronics, energy, medicine, water purification, agriculture and food production industry. However, their potentially hazardous effects are still not satisfactorily recognized, so they are often included in the group of contaminants of emerging concern. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to assess the potentially harmful effects of orally administered GO on the digestive enzyme activities of the house crickets Acheta domesticus. The activity of digestive enzymes was measured using the API®ZYM test and the results were compared in relation to the insect age group (Larvae, Adult Young and Adult Mature) and previous selection towards longevity ('long living' vs 'wild' strains). General analysis, encompassing all digestive enzymes simultaneously, as well as an analysis performed for individual enzyme subgroups, revealed that both factors and their interactions significantly modified the activity of digestive enzymes of A. domesticus. The most pronounced effect was connected with the age factor. The study revealed that the Adult Young age group was the most sensitive; in this group, the activity of digestive enzymes was, in general, decreased in comparison with the control group, while the remaining group did not respond to GO with a similar intensity. In turn, the inter-strain comparisons demonstrated different response patterns to the GO. The control enzymatic activity of the insects from long living' strain was, in general, higher than in the 'wild strain'; however, it was significantly decreased in the GO-exposed groups, while in the 'wild' strain, the activity remained relatively homogenous. Additionally, the tendency was more pronounced in Adult Young than in the remaining age groups. The potential toxicity of GO requires further investigation, mainly with a focus on the composition and functioning of gut microbiotas.
氧化石墨烯纳米粒子 (GO) 具有在电子、能源、医学、水净化、农业和食品生产行业的应用前景。然而，其潜在的有害影响尚未得到充分认识，因此它们通常被归为新兴关注污染物的一类。因此，本研究旨在评估口服给予 GO 对家蟋蟀 Acheta domesticus 消化酶活性的潜在有害影响。使用 API®ZYM 测试测量消化酶的活性，并根据昆虫年龄组（幼虫、幼成虫和成熟成虫）和先前对长寿的选择（“长寿”株与“野生”株）对结果进行比较。综合分析，同时涵盖所有消化酶，以及对个别酶亚组的分析表明，两个因素及其相互作用显著改变了 A. domesticus 消化酶的活性。最显著的影响与年龄因素有关。研究表明，幼成虫年龄组最为敏感；在该组中，与对照组相比，消化酶的活性普遍降低，而其余组则没有以类似的强度对 GO 作出反应。反过来，种间比较表明对 GO 的反应模式不同。“长寿”株昆虫的对照酶活性通常高于“野生”株；然而，在暴露于 GO 的组中，其活性显著降低，而在“野生”株中，活性保持相对均匀。此外，这种趋势在幼成虫中比在其余年龄组中更为明显。GO 的潜在毒性需要进一步研究，主要关注肠道微生物群的组成和功能。
