Konopová Barbora
Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2025 Feb;67:101289. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2024.101289. Epub 2024 Oct 28.
Metamorphosis endowed the insects with properties that enabled them to conquer the Earth. It is a hormonally controlled morphogenetic process that transforms the larva into the adult. Metamorphosis appeared with the origin of wings and flight. The sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormone (JH) suppresses wing morphogenesis and ensures that metamorphosis takes place at the right ontogenetic time. This review explores the origin of insect metamorphosis and the ancestral function of JH. Fossil record shows that the first Paleozoic winged insects had (hemimetabolous) metamorphosis, and their larvae were likely aquatic. In the primitive wingless silverfish that lacks metamorphosis, JH is essential for late embryogenesis and reproduction. JH production after the embryo dorsal closure promotes hatching and terminal tissue maturation.
变态赋予了昆虫一些特性，使它们能够征服地球。它是一个由激素控制的形态发生过程，将幼虫转变为成虫。变态随着翅膀和飞行的起源而出现。倍半萜类保幼激素（JH）抑制翅膀形态发生，并确保变态在正确的个体发育时间发生。这篇综述探讨了昆虫变态的起源以及JH的原始功能。化石记录表明，最早的古生代有翅昆虫具有（不完全变态）变态，它们的幼虫可能生活在水中。在缺乏变态的原始无翅衣鱼中，JH对胚胎后期发育和繁殖至关重要。胚胎背侧闭合后JH的产生促进孵化和终端组织成熟。
