Howlader Masum, Selim Abu, Shuvo Shah Newaz Alam, Islam Md Monirul, Sultana Tania, Moniruzzaman Mohammad, Mia Md Sabit, Afrin Sanjida, Akter Nurunnahar, Rahman Md Habibur
Environment and Resource Analysis Center Ltd., Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Eutech Systems Limited, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2023 Oct 28;197:115705. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115705.
Cigarette butts (CBs) have serious harmful effects on the environment and living organisms despite their small size. This research aims to investigate the abundance, densities and pollution status of CBs in Cox's Bazar Sea beach. The survey was conducted between 11 a.m. and 5 p.m. in February 2023, during the peak season of the year. A total of 13,988 CBs were collected, and the mean density was 0.388 m and ranges from 0.195 m - to 0.689 m. The mean CBPI value was 7.78, which showed the "high pollution" status. According to CBPI analysis, 25 %, 41.67 %, 16.67 %, and 16.67 % were "severe pollution", "considerable pollution", "high pollution", and "pollution" status, respectively. From HII values, 91.67 % beach fell within the "Class III" category, indicating abundant toxic CBs in the study area. A total of 13 brands were identified, of which Derby (19.31 %), B&H (18.54 %), and Star (11.26 %) were more abundant brands. These findings from this study aim to increase awareness of the harmful effects of cigarette butts discarded intentionally or unintentionally by smokers.
烟头虽小，却对环境和生物有着严重的有害影响。本研究旨在调查科克斯巴扎尔海滩烟头的数量、密度及污染状况。调查于2023年2月上午11点至下午5点进行，正值一年中的旺季。共收集到13988个烟头，平均密度为0.388米，范围在0.195米至0.689米之间。烟头污染指数（CBPI）的平均值为7.78，表明处于“高污染”状态。根据CBPI分析，“严重污染”“相当污染”“高污染”和“污染”状态分别占25%、41.67%、16.67%和16.67%。从危害指数（HII）值来看，91.67%的海滩属于“三级”类别，表明研究区域内有毒烟头数量众多。共识别出13个品牌，其中德比（19.31%）、B&H（18.54%）和星牌（11.26%）是数量较多的品牌。本研究的这些发现旨在提高人们对吸烟者有意或无意丢弃烟头所产生有害影响的认识。
