Wang Zhengxi, Pu Decheng, Zheng Jishu, Li Peiyuan, Lü Hongjian, Wei Xiuli, Li Mai, Li Dongsheng, Gao Lihong
Key Laboratory of Smart Agricultural Technology in the Southwest Mountains, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 400715, China.
Research Center of Fishery Resources and Environment, Conservation and Research Center for Aquatic Biodiversity in the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2023 Oct 27;267:115609. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115609.
Dissolved oxygen (DO) in water bodies is a prerequisite for fish survival and plays a crucial role in fish growth, development, and physiological processes. However, with increasing eutrophication, greenhouse effects, and extreme weather conditions, DO levels in aquatic environments often become lower than normal. This leads to stress in fish, causing them to exhibit escape behavior, inhibits their growth and development, and causes tissue damage. Moreover, oxidative stress, decreased immune function, and altered metabolism have been observed. Severe hypoxia can cause massive fish mortality, resulting in significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry. In response to hypoxia, fish exhibit a series of behavioral and physiological changes that are self-protective mechanisms formed through long-term evolution. This review summarizes the effects of hypoxic stress on fish, including the asphyxiation point, behavior, growth and reproduction, tissue structure, physiological and biochemical processes, and regulation of gene expression. Furthermore, future research directions are discussed to provide new insights and references.
水体中的溶解氧（DO）是鱼类生存的先决条件，在鱼类生长、发育和生理过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，随着富营养化、温室效应和极端天气条件的增加，水生环境中的溶解氧水平常常低于正常水平。这会给鱼类带来压力，导致它们表现出逃避行为，抑制其生长和发育，并造成组织损伤。此外，还观察到氧化应激、免疫功能下降和代谢改变。严重缺氧会导致大量鱼类死亡，给水产养殖业造成重大经济损失。为应对缺氧，鱼类表现出一系列行为和生理变化，这些变化是通过长期进化形成的自我保护机制。本文综述了缺氧应激对鱼类的影响，包括窒息点、行为、生长和繁殖、组织结构、生理生化过程以及基因表达调控。此外，还讨论了未来的研究方向，以提供新的见解和参考。
