School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.
Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Pan Afr Med J. 2024 Jul 12;48:99. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2024.48.99.43763. eCollection 2024.
South Africa has approximately 8.45 million adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with women being higher at risk. Anaemia is proportional to HIV severity and a predictor for cardiovascular disease. In this study, we aimed to determine associations between anaemia, HIV, and blood pressure among women of childbearing age in Roodepoort, a suburb within the city of Johannesburg.
in this cross-sectional study premenopausal women were recruited from a primary healthcare facility, Johannesburg. Socio-demographics, lifestyle behaviours, and medical history, including HIV status, were collected. Anthropometrical measurements and blood pressure (BP) were obtained, and venous blood was drawn to determine hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Multiple and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between hemoglobin (Hb), HIV and blood pressure (BP).
of 228 women, 72% were pregnant and 22% HIV positive. Pregnant women had lower BP (SPB: 104 ± 11 vs 115 ± 11 mmHg, p<0.001; diastolic BP (DBP): 68 ± 8 vs 80±10 mmHg, p<0.001) compared to non-pregnant women. Hb levels were lower among HIV positive compared to HIV negative participants (11.4 ± 1.6 vs 12.1 ± 1.4 g/dL, p=0.010). More HIV positive women were classified as anaemic (37% vs 16%, p=0.003). In unadjusted multiple linear models, Hb concentration was associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) (β 1.20 (95% CI, 0.28, 2.33), p=0.013) and DBP (β 1.94 (95% CI, 1.08,2.80) p<0.001), and in unadjusted logistic regression models, women with anaemia had increased odds for hypertension (OR 1.18 (95% CI, 1.20, 2.80), p=0.006). However, in both cases, significance was lost when adjusting for covariates.
the results suggest anaemia may be a risk factor for hypertension and should be investigated in larger, homogenous samples.
南非约有 845 万成年人感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV），女性感染风险更高。贫血与 HIV 严重程度成正比，是心血管疾病的预测指标。在这项研究中，我们旨在确定约翰内斯堡郊区罗德斯普（Roodepoort）育龄妇女的贫血、HIV 和血压之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，我们从约翰内斯堡的一家初级保健机构招募了绝经前妇女。收集社会人口统计学、生活方式行为和包括 HIV 状况在内的病史。测量人体测量学指标和血压（BP），抽取静脉血确定血红蛋白（Hb）浓度。进行多元和逻辑回归分析，以确定血红蛋白（Hb）、HIV 和血压（BP）之间的关联。
在 228 名妇女中，72%怀孕，22% HIV 阳性。与非孕妇相比，孕妇的血压（SBP：104±11 与 115±11mmHg，p<0.001；DBP：68±8 与 80±10mmHg，p<0.001）较低。与 HIV 阴性参与者相比，HIV 阳性参与者的 Hb 水平较低（11.4±1.6 与 12.1±1.4g/dL，p=0.010）。更多的 HIV 阳性女性被归类为贫血（37%比 16%，p=0.003）。在未调整的多元线性模型中，Hb 浓度与收缩压（SBP）（β 1.20（95%CI，0.28，2.33），p=0.013）和舒张压（DBP）（β 1.94（95%CI，1.08，2.80），p<0.001）相关，在未调整的逻辑回归模型中，贫血的女性患高血压的几率更高（OR 1.18（95%CI，1.20，2.80），p=0.006）。然而，在这两种情况下，当调整协变量时，显著性都消失了。
结果表明，贫血可能是高血压的一个危险因素，应该在更大的、同质的样本中进行研究。
