Lemos Yara Vieira, Furtado Alexandre Neves, Lima Adriana Zatti, Dionísio Alexander Santos, Araújo Ricardo Moreira, Cunha Eugénia
Serviço de Antropologia Forense, Instituto Médico Legal Dr. André Roquette, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Forensic Sci Res. 2024 Aug 23;9(3):owae041. doi: 10.1093/fsr/owae041. eCollection 2024 Sep.
This article presents a series of three complex forensic cases that posed significant challenges for identifying human remains. These include a mass dam disaster, burnt human remains, and extensively decomposed human remains. Positive identification was achieved using a shadow positioning technique with imaging comparisons of medical findings. After establishing the biological profile, medical data were evaluated with digital radiography and computed tomography examinations the human remains. These aimed to replicate the original (intravitam) traits in the same angulation to examine postsurgical characteristics, as well as the anatomical, pathological, and morphological features, which were sufficient to establish a positive scientific identification. Technological advancements tend to reveal additional skeletal details, making medical data comparisons significantly more effective in the context of anthropological identification. These cases demonstrate that the possibility of identification should never be ignored, even in situations with advanced decomposition.
Conventional identification methods may not always be applicable in forensic anthropology cases.The presented cases include a mass dam disaster, burnt human remains, and extensively decomposed human remains.These three cases involved successful human identification with medical findings comparisons using the shadow position technique.Identification could be established in these cases, despite challenges, such as fire damage, an incomplete body, and extensive decomposition.These cases suggest medical findings should be considered as biological identifiers rather than secondary identifiers.
本文介绍了一系列三个复杂的法医案件，这些案件在识别遗骸方面带来了重大挑战。其中包括一起大坝坍塌事故中的大量遗骸、烧焦的人体遗骸以及高度腐烂的人体遗骸。通过一种阴影定位技术并结合医学检查结果的影像比对实现了准确识别。在确定生物学特征后，利用数字射线摄影和计算机断层扫描对遗骸的医学数据进行评估。这些旨在以相同角度重现原始（生前）特征，以检查术后特征以及解剖学、病理学和形态学特征，这些特征足以进行科学的准确识别。技术进步往往能揭示更多骨骼细节，使得医学数据比对在人类学识别中显著更有效。这些案例表明，即使在遗骸高度腐烂的情况下，识别的可能性也绝不应被忽视。
传统识别方法在法医人类学案件中可能并不总是适用。所呈现的案例包括一起大坝坍塌事故中的大量遗骸、烧焦的人体遗骸以及高度腐烂的人体遗骸。这三个案例通过使用阴影定位技术对医学检查结果进行比对成功实现了人体识别。尽管存在火灾损坏、尸体不完整和高度腐烂等挑战，但在这些案例中仍能进行识别。这些案例表明，医学检查结果应被视为生物学标识符而非次要标识符。
