Development of Gentamicin Bilosomes Laden Gel for Topical Ocular Delivery: Optimization, Characterization, Toxicity, and Anti-microbial Evaluation.

PURPOSE

The eye drops are the prominent preparation used to treat surface eye disease (bacterial conjunctivitis). However, they have some limitations i.e., short corneal residence, resulting in low ocular bioavailability and necessitating frequent dose administration. The present study developed gentamicin (GE) bilosomes (BM)- laden gel to improve therapeutic activity. The gel system is initially in sol form before administration and converted into gel form in physiological eye conditions.

METHODS

The GE-BM was developed using the thin film hydration technique and optimized by D-optimal design. GE-BM was characterized for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, morphology, and Fourier transform electron microscope (FTIR). The optimized GE-BM (GE-BMopt) was incorporated into an gel and assessed for physicochemical characteristics. GE-BMopt gel was evaluated for release, permeation, toxicity, and antimicrobial study.

RESULTS

GE-BMopt has a vesicle size of 185.1±4.8nm, PDI of 0.254, zeta potential of 27.6 mV, entrapment efficiency of 81.86±1.29 %, and spherical morphology. The FTIR study presented no chemical interactions between GE and excipients. GE-BMopt gel (GE-BMoptIG4) showed excellent viscosity, gelling strength, and bio-adhesion. GE-BMopt-IG4 showed significant high and sustained release of GE (78.08±4.73% in 12h). GE-BMopt-IG4 displayed 3.27-fold higher goat corneal permeation than a pure GE solution. GE-BMopt-IG4 showed good corneal tolerance without any damage or irritation. GE-BMopt-IG4 showed significantly (<0.05) higher anti-bacterial activity (ZOI) against and than pure GE solution.

CONCLUSION

The study determined that the BM gel system can serve as a substitute carrier for GE to enhance its therapeutic effectiveness, and further preclinical studies are required.