Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane Uxbridge, Middlesex, UK.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Nov;10(6):e70102. doi: 10.1002/vms3.70102.
Salmonella spp., especially those are resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), are considered as major concern to global health due to their emergence and dissemination.
The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Salmonella spp. from migratory and captive wild birds.
A total 262 faecal samples were collected, and the identification of Salmonella spp. was carried out using a standard culture and PCR as well as molecular detection of virulence and AMR genes.
The overall prevalence of Salmonella was determined to be 30.92% (95% CI = 25.63-36.75). Migratory birds exhibited highest prevalence (38.10%), whereas wild birds in captivity showed a lower prevalence (23.40%). The agfA gene was detected at a higher rate at 24.69%. Salmonella spp. exhibited 100% resistance to tetracycline, followed by 58% ampicillin and 46% streptomycin. In addition, there was a resistance rate to ceftriaxone of 17% and to colistin sulphate of 25%. Interestingly, levofloxacin alone displayed 100% sensitivity across all isolates, while ciprofloxacin and azithromycin showed 73% and 64% sensitivity, respectively. The MAR index was 0.25 and 0.42, and 74.07% of all isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). It was shown that migratory and captive wild birds contained ESBL genes blaTEM (94.34% and 49.06%) and blaSHV (13.33% and 10%), respectively. Genes responsible for sulphonamide (sul1) resistance were detected in 13.33% and 79% of wild and migratory birds, respectively.
Salmonella has been found in captive wild and migratory birds and could act as reservoirs for the transmission of MDR and ESBL bacteria.
由于沙门氏菌属（Salmonella spp.）的出现和传播，尤其是那些对扩展谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）具有耐药性的菌株，它们被认为是对全球健康的主要关注。
本研究旨在调查迁徙和圈养野生鸟类中沙门氏菌属的毒力和抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）谱。
共采集了 262 份粪便样本，使用标准培养和 PCR 以及毒力和 AMR 基因的分子检测来鉴定沙门氏菌属。
沙门氏菌的总流行率为 30.92%（95%CI=25.63-36.75）。迁徙鸟类的流行率最高（38.10%），而圈养野生鸟类的流行率较低（23.40%）。agfA 基因的检出率较高，为 24.69%。沙门氏菌对四环素的耐药率为 100%，其次是氨苄西林（58%）和链霉素（46%）。此外，头孢曲松的耐药率为 17%，硫酸粘菌素的耐药率为 25%。有趣的是，左氧氟沙星对所有分离株的敏感性为 100%，而环丙沙星和阿奇霉素的敏感性分别为 73%和 64%。MAR 指数为 0.25 和 0.42，74.07%的分离株表现为多重耐药（MDR）。结果表明，迁徙和圈养野生鸟类分别含有 ESBL 基因 blaTEM（94.34%和 49.06%）和 blaSHV（13.33%和 10%）。磺胺类药物（sul1）耐药基因在野生和迁徙鸟类中的检出率分别为 13.33%和 79%。
沙门氏菌在圈养野生和迁徙鸟类中均有发现，可能成为传播 MDR 和 ESBL 细菌的储库。
