Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 4;19(11):e0312727. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312727. eCollection 2024.
Symptomatic vestibulopathy impairs patients' lives. However, few studies have explored the lives of patients with compensated or asymptomatic vestibulopathy. This study investigated the quality of life (QOL), psychological health, and physical function of patients with vestibulopathy.
Using the eighth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, we included individuals with data on demographic factors, diabetes, hypertension, dizziness experiences, pure-tone audiometry, video head impulse test (vHIT), Health-related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items, General Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, stress, and walking and sitting times. Participants were classified into the following groups: an uncompensated group with abnormal vHIT result and chronic dizziness, a compensated group with abnormal vHIT result and a history of dizziness, an asymptomatic group with abnormal vHIT result and no history of dizziness, and a normal group without abnormal vHIT result or a history of dizziness.
Uncompensated vestibulopathy was more common in older individuals and women. The uncompensated group showed impairments in climbing stairs (P < 0.001), pain (P < 0.001), vitality (P = 0.001), working (P < 0.001), depression (P < 0.001), sleep (P = 0.001), happiness (P = 0.002), anxiety (P = 0.006), and stress (P = 0.003). The compensated group showed deficits in pain (P < 0.001), work (P = 0.006), sleep (P = 0.001), and happiness (P = 0.001). The asymptomatic group had no deficits in QOL, psychological health, or physical function. These tendencies were similar after controlling for age and gender.
Vestibulopathy with a history of dizziness has a long-lasting impact on QOL and emotional status, even after compensation. Uncompensated vestibulopathy has a significant effect on QOL and mental health. Notably, though, the compensated group also showed a reduction in QOL. Appropriate interventions for each category of patients should be provided based on their impaired functions.
有症状的前庭病会损害患者的生活。然而，很少有研究探讨代偿或无症状前庭病患者的生活。本研究调查了前庭病患者的生活质量（QOL）、心理健康和身体功能。
我们使用第八次韩国国家健康和营养检查调查数据库，纳入了有年龄、糖尿病、高血压、头晕经历、纯音测听、视频头脉冲试验（vHIT）、健康相关生活质量 8 项量表、一般焦虑障碍 7 项量表、压力、行走和坐姿时间等数据的个体。参与者被分为以下几组：异常 vHIT 结果和慢性头晕的未代偿组、异常 vHIT 结果和头晕史的代偿组、异常 vHIT 结果和无头晕史的无症状组、以及无异常 vHIT 结果或头晕史的正常组。
未代偿性前庭病在老年人和女性中更为常见。未代偿组在爬楼梯（P<0.001）、疼痛（P<0.001）、活力（P=0.001）、工作（P<0.001）、抑郁（P<0.001）、睡眠（P=0.001）、幸福（P=0.002）、焦虑（P=0.006）和压力（P=0.003）方面存在障碍。代偿组在疼痛（P<0.001）、工作（P=0.006）、睡眠（P=0.001）和幸福（P=0.001）方面存在缺陷。无症状组在 QOL、心理健康或身体功能方面没有缺陷。这些趋势在控制年龄和性别后仍然存在。
有头晕史的前庭病即使代偿后，对 QOL 和情绪状态仍有持久影响。未代偿性前庭病对 QOL 和心理健康有显著影响。值得注意的是，代偿组的 QOL 也有所下降。应根据患者的功能障碍为每个类别的患者提供适当的干预措施。
