Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, The Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Zigong, Sichuan Province, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Nov 4;19(11):e0312227. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0312227. eCollection 2024.
Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia, and it is now clear that there is a link between nutritional indicators and cognitive functioning. This study aimed to investigate correlations between three nutritional indicators (prognostic nutritional index [PNI], geriatric nutritional risk index [GNRI], and controlling nutritional status score [CONUT]) and cognitive function in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia.
A total of 235 patients who were hospitalized with stable schizophrenia were included. Patient demographic information was collected through self-reports or electronic medical records, and cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in China (MoCA-C). Information on serum albumin and total cholesterol levels, lymphocyte counts, and body mass index during the stable stage of schizophrenia was collected to calculate the PNI, GNRI, and CONUT scores, according to their respective calculation criteria. Covariate-adjusted linear regression model and ordered logistic regression model were constructed to determine the relationship between nutritional indicators and cognitive function.
Overall, 90.2% of the patients were under the age of 60 years, and males comprised 60% of all patients. The median scores for MoCA-C, PNI, GNRI, and CONUT in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia were 18 (12,23), 52.85 (50.25,55.90), 110.85 (105.80,116.21), and 3 (3,3), respectively. The results of the correlation analysis showed that only PNI was associated with MoCA-C scores (r = 0.15, P = 0.021). This relationship was further confirmed by covariate-adjusted linear regression modeling (β = 0.147, 95%CI:0.049-0.351, p = 0.01) and ordered logistic regression modeling (OR = 0.054, 95%CI:0.001-0.106, p = 0.046).
The findings revealed a significant correlation between PNI scores and MoCA-C scores in hospitalized patients with stable schizophrenia.
认知障碍是精神分裂症的核心特征，现在很明显，营养指标与认知功能之间存在联系。本研究旨在调查三种营养指标（预后营养指数[PNI]、老年营养风险指数[GNRI]和控制营养状态评分[CONUT]）与住院稳定期精神分裂症患者认知功能之间的相关性。
共纳入 235 例住院稳定期精神分裂症患者。通过患者自述或电子病历收集患者人口统计学信息，采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表中文版（MoCA-C）评估认知功能。收集血清白蛋白和总胆固醇水平、淋巴细胞计数和稳定期精神分裂症患者的体质指数信息，根据各自的计算标准计算 PNI、GNRI 和 CONUT 评分。构建协变量调整的线性回归模型和有序逻辑回归模型，以确定营养指标与认知功能之间的关系。
总体而言，90.2%的患者年龄小于 60 岁，男性占所有患者的 60%。住院稳定期精神分裂症患者的 MoCA-C、PNI、GNRI 和 CONUT 中位数分别为 18（12，23）、52.85（50.25，55.90）、110.85（105.80，116.21）和 3（3，3）。相关性分析结果表明，只有 PNI 与 MoCA-C 评分相关（r=0.15，P=0.021）。协变量调整的线性回归建模（β=0.147，95%CI：0.049-0.351，p=0.01）和有序逻辑回归建模（OR=0.054，95%CI：0.001-0.106，p=0.046）进一步证实了这种关系。
研究结果表明，住院稳定期精神分裂症患者的 PNI 评分与 MoCA-C 评分之间存在显著相关性。
