School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Outpatient Consultation, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Nov 1;103(44):e40294. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000040294.
This study aims to investigate the effects of 7 factors (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleeping medications, and daytime dysfunction), as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, on the quality of life (QOL) in middle-aged individuals. A total of 194 middle-aged individuals aged 45 to 59 years participated in this study. The Chinese version of the medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to assess the QOL and sleep quality, respectively. The relationship between sleep patterns and QOL was analyzed using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis. Improvement in sleep disturbances and reduction in the use of sleeping medications are necessary conditions for enhancing QOL. Two configurations of sleep patterns positively influence QOL: the "sufficiency type" with high level of sleep duration, non-sleep disturbances, and non-daytime dysfunction as core conditions; and the "efficiency type" with high habitual sleep efficiency and non-daytime dysfunction as core conditions. Three configurations of sleep patterns negatively influence QOL: the "low-quality type" with non-high-level subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and habitual sleep efficiency as core conditions; the "barrier type" with high level of sleep disturbances, non-high-level sleep latency, and non-high-level subjective sleep quality/sleep duration as core conditions; and the "drug-based type" with high level of use of sleeping medications and subjective sleep quality as core conditions. Using the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis method, this study initially reveals that the influence of sleep patterns on QOL in middle-aged individuals is a holistic effect combining multiple elements. This deepens and enriches the understanding of the relationship between sleep patterns and QOL and expands new perspectives for more in-depth research on how to improve the QOL of middle-aged individuals through sleep interventions.
本研究旨在探讨匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）测量的 7 个因素（主观睡眠质量、睡眠潜伏期、睡眠时长、习惯性睡眠效率、睡眠障碍、使用助眠药物和日间功能障碍）对中年个体生活质量（QOL）的影响。共有 194 名 45 至 59 岁的中年个体参与了这项研究。采用中文版医学结局研究 36 项简明健康调查问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数分别评估 QOL 和睡眠质量。使用模糊集定性比较分析方法分析睡眠模式与 QOL 的关系。改善睡眠障碍和减少使用助眠药物是提高 QOL 的必要条件。两种睡眠模式配置对 QOL 有积极影响：以睡眠时长、无睡眠障碍和无日间功能障碍为核心条件的“充足型”；以习惯性睡眠效率高和无日间功能障碍为核心条件的“高效型”。三种睡眠模式配置对 QOL 有负面影响：以非高水平主观睡眠质量、睡眠时长和习惯性睡眠效率为核心条件的“低质量型”；以睡眠障碍程度高、非高水平睡眠潜伏期和非高水平主观睡眠质量/睡眠时长为核心条件的“障碍型”；以高水平使用助眠药物和主观睡眠质量为核心条件的“药物型”。使用模糊集定性比较分析方法，本研究初步揭示了睡眠模式对中年个体 QOL 的影响是一个综合多个因素的整体效应。这深化和丰富了对睡眠模式与 QOL 之间关系的理解，并为通过睡眠干预提高中年个体 QOL 提供了新的研究视角。
