Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 1878551, Japan; Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 1878551, Japan; Japan Somnology Center, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Tokyo 1510053, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo 1628666, Japan.
Department of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo 1878551, Japan.
Sleep Med. 2020 Dec;76:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.10.012. Epub 2020 Oct 15.
To date, no previous studies have evaluated the relationship between sleep duration and quality of life (QOL) or depression in the general population after controlling for daytime sleepiness and sleep disturbances.
A web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted with 8698 subjects aged 20-69 years. We examined the relationships between weekday sleep duration and daytime sleepiness, sleep disturbance, QOL and depression, using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (without the item for sleep duration), 8-item Short Form and Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).
Daytime sleepiness tended to increase in proportion to shorter weekday sleep durations. Sleep disturbances, physical and mental QOL, and CES-D scores were worse in both the shorter and longer sleep groups compared with the group with 7-8 h of sleep. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses revealed that short sleep duration but not long sleep duration was significantly associated with reduction of both physical and mental QOL, even after controlling for the presence of daytime sleepiness and sleep disturbance. Both short and long sleep duration were independently and significantly correlated with depression after controlling for daytime sleepiness; however, there was no statistically significant association after adjusting for the effects of sleep disturbance.
The results suggested adverse effects of short sleep but not long sleep on both physical and mental QOL. In addition, the negative impact of specific types of sleep disturbance on depression may be greater than the impact of shortening of sleep duration.
迄今为止，尚无研究在控制日间嗜睡和睡眠障碍后，评估一般人群中睡眠持续时间和生活质量（QOL）或抑郁之间的关系。
采用基于网络的横断面研究，共纳入 8698 名 20-69 岁的受试者。使用 Epworth 嗜睡量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（不包括睡眠持续时间项）、8 项简短量表和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D），评估了工作日睡眠持续时间与日间嗜睡、睡眠障碍、QOL 和抑郁之间的关系。
日间嗜睡程度随工作日睡眠持续时间缩短而增加。与 7-8 小时睡眠组相比，睡眠障碍、身体和心理 QOL 以及 CES-D 评分在较短和较长睡眠组中均更差。分层逻辑回归分析显示，与长睡眠持续时间相比，短睡眠持续时间与身体和心理 QOL 降低显著相关，即使在控制日间嗜睡和睡眠障碍存在的情况下也是如此。短睡眠和长睡眠持续时间均与抑郁独立且显著相关，即使在调整了睡眠障碍的影响后也是如此。
结果表明，短睡眠而不是长睡眠对身体和心理 QOL 均有不良影响。此外，特定类型的睡眠障碍对抑郁的负面影响可能大于缩短睡眠时间的影响。
