Ghosh Soumyadip, Basu Soumya, Anbarasu Anand, Ramaiah Sudha
Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, India.
Department of Bio Sciences, SBST, VIT, Vellore, India.
Phytother Res. 2025 Jan;39(1):138-161. doi: 10.1002/ptr.8365. Epub 2024 Nov 4.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) hinders the effective treatment of a range of bacterial infections, posing a serious threat to public health globally, as it challenges the currently available antimicrobial drugs. Among the various modes of antimicrobial action, antimicrobial agents that act on membranes have the most promising efficacy. However, there are no consolidated reports on the shortcomings of these drugs, existing challenges, or the potential applications of phytochemicals that act on membranes. Therefore, in this review, we have addressed the challenges and focused on various phytochemicals as antimicrobial agents acting on the membranes of clinically important bacterial pathogens. Antibacterial phytochemicals comprise diverse group of agents found in a wide range of plants. These compounds have been found to disrupt cell membranes, inhibit enzymes, interfere with protein synthesis, generate reactive oxygen species, modulate quorum sensing, and inhibit bacterial adhesion, making them promising candidates for the development of novel antibacterial therapies. Recently, polyphenolic compounds have been reported to have proven efficacy against nosocomial multidrug-resistant pathogens. However, more high-quality studies, improved standards, and the adoption of rules and regulations are required to firmly confirm the clinical efficacy of phytochemicals derived from plants. Identifying potential challenges, thrust areas of research, and considering viable approaches is essential for the successful clinical translation of these compounds.
抗菌耐药性（AMR）阻碍了一系列细菌感染的有效治疗，由于它对目前可用的抗菌药物构成挑战，因此对全球公共卫生构成严重威胁。在各种抗菌作用模式中，作用于细胞膜的抗菌剂具有最有前景的疗效。然而，关于这些药物的缺点、现有挑战或作用于细胞膜的植物化学物质的潜在应用，尚无综合报告。因此，在本综述中，我们探讨了这些挑战，并聚焦于各种作为作用于临床重要细菌病原体细胞膜的抗菌剂的植物化学物质。抗菌植物化学物质包括在多种植物中发现的不同种类的药剂。已发现这些化合物可破坏细胞膜、抑制酶、干扰蛋白质合成、产生活性氧、调节群体感应并抑制细菌粘附，使其成为开发新型抗菌疗法的有前景的候选物。最近，据报道多酚类化合物已被证明对医院内耐多药病原体有效。然而，需要更多高质量的研究、改进的标准以及规则和法规的采用，以坚定地确认源自植物的植物化学物质的临床疗效。识别潜在挑战、研究重点领域并考虑可行方法对于这些化合物的成功临床转化至关重要。
