Pearl Sara, Anbarasu Anand
Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India.
Medical and Biological Computing Laboratory, School of Biosciences and Technology (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 25;15(1):18203. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03246-7.
Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a major multidrug-resistant pathogen, posing serious threats in the healthcare settings. This study provides a comprehensive genomic analysis of nosocomial A. baumannii whole-genome sequences retrieved from NCBI Genome database. Multilocus sequence typing and capsule typing were performed to investigate the clonal diversity. The genomes were characterized to identify antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence factors, and mobile genetic elements. Further, pangenome analysis was conducted to examine the core and accessory genomes of A. baumannii. Our dataset comprised of 609 genomes deposited from diverse geographic regions worldwide between 2004 and 2024. The genomes showed high clonal heterogeneity, with sequence type ST2 being the predominant sequence type. A total of 185 unique ARGs were identified, with majority of them associated with efflux pump and β-lactamase coding genes. Over 25,000 IS elements were detected, with IS4 family being the prevalent type. High abundance of integron-mediated resistance determinants, especially for aminoglycosides and β-lactams, were identified. The open pangenome window due to its larger accessory genome suggested substantial genome plasticity. Our findings highlight A. baumannii's rapid evolution and resistance potential, emphasizing need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Enhanced surveillance, infection control measures, and antimicrobial stewardship are crucial to combat this persistent threat.
鲍曼不动杆菌是一种主要的多重耐药病原体，在医疗机构中构成严重威胁。本研究对从NCBI基因组数据库中检索到的医院内鲍曼不动杆菌全基因组序列进行了全面的基因组分析。进行多位点序列分型和荚膜分型以研究克隆多样性。对基因组进行特征分析以鉴定抗菌抗性基因（ARGs）、毒力因子和可移动遗传元件。此外，还进行了泛基因组分析以研究鲍曼不动杆菌的核心基因组和辅助基因组。我们的数据集由2004年至2024年间来自全球不同地理区域的609个基因组组成。这些基因组显示出高度的克隆异质性，序列类型ST2是主要的序列类型。共鉴定出185个独特的ARGs，其中大多数与外排泵和β-内酰胺酶编码基因相关。检测到超过25,000个插入序列元件，其中IS4家族是最常见的类型。鉴定出整合子介导的抗性决定因素的高丰度，尤其是对氨基糖苷类和β-内酰胺类。由于其较大的辅助基因组，开放的泛基因组窗口表明基因组具有显著的可塑性。我们的研究结果突出了鲍曼不动杆菌的快速进化和抗性潜力，强调了需要替代治疗策略。加强监测、感染控制措施和抗菌药物管理对于应对这一持续威胁至关重要。
