Moreno-Domínguez María-Jesús, Escobar-Rodríguez Tomás, Pelayo-Díaz Yolanda-María, Tovar-García Isabel
Department of Business Administration, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
Avd. 3 de marzo, Campus de "El Carmen" Facultad de Ciencias del Trabajo, 21071, Huelva, Spain.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 15;10(20):e39216. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39216. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
Hospital culture and leadership style have attracted considerable attention in research, with compelling evidence indicating their potential competitive advantages, including their crucial role in ensuring the successful implementation of knowledge management and its impact on hospital efficiency. The aim of this paper is to identify the effects of organizational culture and leadership style on knowledge management and hospital efficiency. Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are relational models that can be used to represent the opinions and knowledge of expert to infer cause-effect relationships among different concepts. The use of FCMs as a simulation tool enables the evaluation of potential scenarios based on different organizational cultures and leadership styles in hospitals. Developing an FCM for this study involved several steps. Firstly, data were collected through interviews with 21 experts in hospital management. The interviews were conducted between May and September 2023 either face-to-face or via videoconference. Once individual cognitive maps had been created, consensus among them was achieved through a multicriteria decision-making process, wherein the expert opinions were averaged. The separate cognitive maps of each expert were then integrated to produce a single FCM using the augmented FCM approach. Reflecting expert insights from the FCM, hospitals with a hierarchy culture exhibit diminished levels of knowledge creation, management, and overall hospital efficiency, whereas those with an adhocracy culture show improvements in knowledge creation, knowledge exploitation, and overall hospital efficiency in comparison to alternative ones. From the experts' FCM perspective regarding leadership style, transformational leadership achieves the highest level of knowledge management and hospital efficiency in hospitals with an adhocracy culture. Finally, this paper offers a reference for practising knowledge management and improving hospital efficiency through adhocracy culture and transformational leadership.
医院文化和领导风格在研究中备受关注，有力证据表明它们具有潜在的竞争优势，包括在确保知识管理成功实施及其对医院效率的影响方面发挥的关键作用。本文旨在确定组织文化和领导风格对知识管理和医院效率的影响。模糊认知图（FCMs）是一种关系模型，可用于表示专家的意见和知识，以推断不同概念之间的因果关系。将FCMs用作模拟工具能够基于医院不同的组织文化和领导风格评估潜在情景。为本研究开发一个FCM涉及几个步骤。首先，通过对21位医院管理专家进行访谈收集数据。访谈于2023年5月至9月期间通过面对面或视频会议的方式进行。一旦创建了个体认知图，便通过多标准决策过程在它们之间达成共识，在此过程中对专家意见进行平均。然后使用增强型FCM方法将每位专家的单独认知图整合起来，以生成一个单一的FCM。从FCM反映的专家见解来看，具有层级文化的医院在知识创造、管理以及整体医院效率方面水平较低，而与其他文化类型的医院相比，具有灵活文化的医院在知识创造、知识利用和整体医院效率方面有所提升。从专家关于领导风格的FCM视角来看，变革型领导在具有灵活文化的医院中实现了最高水平的知识管理和医院效率。最后，本文为通过灵活文化和变革型领导来实施知识管理和提高医院效率提供了参考。
