Aditya Indra A, Paradongan Hendry Timotiyas, Prahastono Iswan, Kosasih Sudjono, Banjar-Nahor Kevin M, Sinisuka Ngapuli Irmea
PLN Research Institute, PT PLN (Persero), Jakarta, 12760, Indonesia.
School of Business and Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2024 Oct 5;10(20):e38970. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38970. eCollection 2024 Oct 30.
In an attempt to accelerate the energy transition, the government of Indonesia released a new regulation regarding renewable energy tariffs, including for biomass power plants (BPPs). However, a gap persists in the academic literature focusing on biomass power plants under these new tariffs. This study examines the role of biomass power plants (BPP) in meeting Indonesia's renewable energy targets, with a specific focus on recently introduced renewable energy tariffs. Three scenarios were developed to comprehensively understand Indonesia's state-owned electricity company (PLN) perspective and Independent Power Producers (IPPs) perspective, with a case study in Kundur Island, Riau Province. The financial analysis for IPPs shows in an NPV of $1.8 million under the initial tariff, while the expansion tariff results in an NPV of -$0.3 million. Sensitivity analysis reveals that a capacity factor exceeding 94.5 % is required to yield a positive NPV under the expansion tariff. From PLN's perspective, BPPs under the initial tariff correspond to an NPV of $8.48 million, and a B-C ratio of 2.31, resulting in a financially viable project, due to substantial cost savings from de-dieselization. Furthermore, the emission analysis highlights an 83.7 % decrease in emissions emitted with the utilization of BPPs compared to diesel power plants. These findings underscore the need to incorporate average generation cost in formulating renewable energy tariffs. Ensuring renewable energy projects are economically sustainable for both PLN and IPPs, stimulates widespread adoption and sustains cost-savings, all while advancing energy transition and making energy more accessible for everyone.
为了加速能源转型，印度尼西亚政府发布了一项关于可再生能源电价的新规定，其中包括针对生物质发电厂（BPP）的规定。然而，在学术文献中，针对这些新电价下的生物质发电厂仍存在空白。本研究考察了生物质发电厂（BPP）在实现印度尼西亚可再生能源目标中的作用，特别关注最近引入的可再生能源电价。制定了三种情景，以全面了解印度尼西亚国有电力公司（PLN）和独立发电商（IPP）的观点，并在廖内省坤杜尔岛进行了案例研究。对IPP的财务分析显示，初始电价下的净现值为180万美元，而扩张电价下的净现值为-30万美元。敏感性分析表明，在扩张电价下，产能因子超过94.5%才能产生正的净现值。从PLN的角度来看，初始电价下的BPP净现值为848万美元，效益成本比为2.31，由于柴油脱除带来的大量成本节约，该项目在财务上是可行的。此外，排放分析突出显示，与柴油发电厂相比，使用BPP可使排放量减少83.7%。这些发现强调了在制定可再生能源电价时纳入平均发电成本的必要性。确保可再生能源项目对PLN和IPP在经济上都是可持续的，刺激广泛采用并维持成本节约，同时推进能源转型并使能源更普及。
