Huang Bin, Chen Yuxuan, Cao Yi, Liu Dongyang, Fang Hua, Zhou Changchun, Wang Dong, Wang Jie
Pest Integrated Management Key Laboratory of China Tobacco, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China.
Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Science, Guiyang, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Oct 21;15:1484727. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1484727. eCollection 2024.
Long-term use of chemical fertilizers (CFs) can cause soil compaction and acidification. In recent years, bio-organic fertilizers (BOFs) have begun to replace CFs in some vegetables and cash crops, but the application of CFs or BOFs has resulted in crop quality and disease occurrence.
This study aimed to analyze the microbial mechanism of differences between CFs and BOFs in root disease, quality, and yield of tuber Chinese herbal medicine. We studied the effects of CFs, organic fertilizers, commercial BOFs, biocontrol bacteria BOFs, and biocontrol fungi BOFs on rhizosphere microbial community structure and function, root rot, quality, and yield of at different periods after application and analyzed the correlation.
Compared to CFs, the emergence rate and yield in BOF treatments were increased by 21.12 and 33.65%, respectively, and the ash content, water content, and disease index in the BOF treatments were decreased by 17.87, 8.19, and 76.60%, respectively. The structural equation model showed that CFs promoted the quality and yield of by influencing soil environmental factors, while BOFs directly drove soil bacterial community to reduce disease index and improve the quality and yield of . There was a stronger interaction and stability of soil microbial networks after BOF treatments. , , , , and were identified as effector bacteria, which were related to disease prevention and yield and quality increase of . Microbial functional analysis indicated that the signal transduction and amino acid metabolism of soil bacteria might play a major role in improving the quality and yield of in the early and middle growth stages. In conclusion, compared to CFs, BOFs obtained a lower disease index of root rot and a higher quality and yield of by changing the structure and function of the rhizosphere bacterial community.
长期使用化肥会导致土壤压实和酸化。近年来，生物有机肥已开始在一些蔬菜和经济作物中取代化肥，但化肥或生物有机肥的施用对作物品质和病害发生情况产生了影响。
本研究旨在分析化肥和生物有机肥在块茎类中药材根病、品质和产量方面差异的微生物机制。我们研究了化肥、有机肥、商品生物有机肥、生防细菌生物有机肥和生防真菌生物有机肥在施用后不同时期对根际微生物群落结构和功能、根腐病、品质和产量的影响，并分析了相关性。
与化肥相比，生物有机肥处理的出苗率和产量分别提高了21.12%和33.65%，生物有机肥处理的灰分含量、水分含量和病情指数分别降低了17.87%、8.19%和76.60%。结构方程模型表明，化肥通过影响土壤环境因素促进了[中药材名称]的品质和产量，而生物有机肥直接驱动土壤细菌群落降低病情指数，提高[中药材名称]的品质和产量。生物有机肥处理后土壤微生物网络具有更强的相互作用和稳定性。[具体细菌名称1]、[具体细菌名称2]、[具体细菌名称3]、[具体细菌名称4]和[具体细菌名称5]被鉴定为效应细菌，它们与[中药材名称]的防病及增产提质有关。微生物功能分析表明，土壤细菌的信号转导和氨基酸代谢可能在生长中前期提高[中药材名称]的品质和产量方面起主要作用。总之，与化肥相比，生物有机肥通过改变根际细菌群落结构和功能，降低了根腐病的病情指数，提高了[中药材名称]的品质和产量。
