Kelly Matthew S, Shi Pixu, Boiditswe Sefelani C, Qin Emily, Steenhoff Andrew P, Mazhani Tiny, Patel Mohamed Z, Cunningham Coleen K, Rawls John F, Luinstra Kathy, Gilchrist Jodi, Maciejewski Julia, Hurst Jillian H, Seed Patrick C, Bulir David, Smieja Marek
Botswana-University of Pennsylvania Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
medRxiv. 2024 Oct 23:2024.10.22.24315478. doi: 10.1101/2024.10.22.24315478.
The mechanisms by which respiratory viruses predispose to secondary bacterial infections remain poorly characterized. Using 2,409 nasopharyngeal swabs from 300 infants in Botswana, we performed a detailed analysis of factors that influence the dynamics of bacterial pathobiont colonization during infancy. We quantify the extent to which viruses increase the acquisition of , , and . We provide evidence of cooperative interactions between these pathobionts while identifying host characteristics and environmental exposures that influence the odds of pathobiont colonization during early life. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we demonstrate that respiratory viruses result in losses of putatively beneficial and species that are associated with a lower odds of pathobiont acquisition. These findings provide novel insights into viral-bacterial relationships in the URT of direct relevance to respiratory infections and suggest that the URT bacterial microbiota is a potentially modifiable mechanism by which viruses promote bacterial respiratory infections.
呼吸道病毒易引发继发性细菌感染的机制仍未得到充分阐明。我们使用来自博茨瓦纳300名婴儿的2409份鼻咽拭子，对影响婴儿期细菌致病共生菌定植动态的因素进行了详细分析。我们量化了病毒增加[具体细菌种类1]、[具体细菌种类2]和[具体细菌种类3]获得的程度。我们提供了这些致病共生菌之间协同相互作用的证据，同时确定了影响生命早期致病共生菌定植几率的宿主特征和环境暴露因素。通过16S rRNA基因测序，我们证明呼吸道病毒会导致假定有益的[细菌种类4]和[细菌种类5]物种减少，而这些物种的减少与致病共生菌获得几率降低有关。这些发现为上呼吸道中与呼吸道感染直接相关的病毒-细菌关系提供了新的见解，并表明上呼吸道细菌微生物群是病毒促进细菌性呼吸道感染的一种潜在可调节机制。
