Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Community Health Nursing Training College, Akim Oda, Ghana.
J Obes. 2024 Oct 28;2024:8895265. doi: 10.1155/2024/8895265. eCollection 2024.
Overweight and obesity are linked to the severity of infections and the development of chronic conditions among children and adolescents in Ghana. Hence, estimating the current prevalence and its determinants is imperative to guide public health interventions. This review mapped evidence on the prevalence and determinants of overweight and obesity among in-school children and adolescents (aged 5-19 years) in Ghana. Three main databases (PubMed, Central, and JSTOR) were searched for studies conducted in Ghana. Also, the study included only studies published online between 2010 and 2022. The search produced 1214 records, with an additional 23 identified through a search conducted in Google, Google Scholar, the WHO library, HINARI, and institutional repositories. After a thorough screening, 24 records were synthesized. The prevalence of overweight/obesity among the 23,663 in-school children and adolescents in Ghana was 0.5%-47.06%. Females have higher odds of being overweight than males. In addition, lack of nutrition and physical activity (PA) knowledge and low participation in school sports and physical activities exposed in-school children and adolescents in Ghana to overweight and obesity. Consumption of unhealthy foods, late bed, smoking, loneliness, watching television, and playing computer games exposed schoolchildren and adolescents in Ghana to overweight and obesity. There are relatively high levels of overweight and obesity among school-going children and adolescents in Ghana. Addressing sex gaps in PA, ensuring healthy eating, and limiting sedentary lifestyles is the surest way to promote healthy weight among in-school children and adolescents in Ghana.
超重和肥胖与加纳儿童和青少年感染严重程度和慢性病发展有关。因此，估计当前的流行率及其决定因素对于指导公共卫生干预至关重要。本综述绘制了加纳在校儿童和青少年（5-19 岁）超重和肥胖流行率及其决定因素的证据。在加纳进行的研究主要在三个数据库（PubMed、Central 和 JSTOR）中进行了搜索。此外，该研究仅包括 2010 年至 2022 年期间在线发表的研究。搜索产生了 1214 条记录，通过在 Google、Google Scholar、世界卫生组织图书馆、HINARI 和机构知识库中进行的搜索，又额外确定了 23 条记录。经过彻底筛选，有 24 条记录被综合。在加纳的 23663 名在校儿童和青少年中，超重/肥胖的流行率为 0.5%-47.06%。女性超重的几率高于男性。此外，缺乏营养和体育活动（PA）知识以及低参与学校体育和体育活动使加纳在校儿童和青少年面临超重和肥胖的风险。食用不健康的食物、晚睡、吸烟、孤独、看电视和玩电脑游戏使加纳的学童和青少年面临超重和肥胖的风险。加纳在校儿童和青少年超重和肥胖的比例相对较高。解决 PA 中的性别差距、确保健康饮食和限制久坐的生活方式是促进加纳在校儿童和青少年健康体重的最可靠方法。
