营养教育可提高加纳学龄儿童的知识水平和 BMI 年龄。

Nutrition education improves knowledge and BMI-for-age in Ghanaian school-aged children.

机构信息

Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.

Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan.

出版信息

Afr Health Sci. 2021 Jun;21(2):927-941. doi: 10.4314/ahs.v21i2.55.

BACKGROUND

Adequate nutrition is required for growth and development in children. This study tested the effectiveness of nutrition education on knowledge and BMI-for-age (BFA) of school-aged children in the Kumasi Metropolis.

METHODS

Children, aged 9-13 years old were recruited from ten randomly selected primary schools in the Metropolis. The schools were randomly allocated into 3 groups: nutrition education (3 schools), physical activity (PA) education (3 schools), both interventions (2 schools), or control (2 schools). Following a baseline nutrition and PA knowledge and status assessment in 433 children, twice-monthly nutrition and PA education and demonstrations were carried out for 6 months, followed by a post-intervention assessment.

RESULTS

PA and nutrition knowledge improved in all groups (P<0.001); the highest improvement was among those who received both interventions (31.0%), followed by the nutrition education group (29.8%), and the least, the control group (19.1%). Overall, BFA improved by +0.36, from baseline (-0.26) to end of the intervention (+0.10, P<0.001). Within the groups, the nutrition group (+0.65, P<.001) had the highest improvement, then, both the intervention group (+0.27, P<0.001), the PA group (+0.23, P<0.001) and lastly, the control group (+0.18, P=0.001).

CONCLUSION

Nutrition education could improve knowledge and BMI-for-age in school-aged children in Ghana.

背景

儿童的生长发育需要充足的营养。本研究旨在测试营养教育对库马西大都市区学龄儿童知识和 BMI 年龄（BFA）的影响。

方法

从大都市区的 10 所随机选定的小学中招募了 9-13 岁的儿童。这些学校被随机分配到 3 个组：营养教育组（3 所学校）、体育教育组（3 所学校）、两种干预组（2 所学校）或对照组（2 所学校）。在对 433 名儿童进行了基线营养和 PA 知识和状况评估后，进行了为期 6 个月的每月两次的营养和 PA 教育和示范，然后进行了干预后评估。

结果

所有组的 PA 和营养知识均有所提高（P<0.001）；接受两种干预措施的儿童提高幅度最大（31.0%），其次是营养教育组（29.8%），对照组最低（19.1%）。总体而言，BFA 从基线（-0.26）提高到干预结束时（+0.10，P<0.001），增加了 0.36。在组内，营养组（+0.65，P<.001）的改善幅度最大，其次是两种干预组（+0.27，P<0.001）、体育组（+0.23，P<0.001）和对照组（+0.18，P=0.001）。