HIV/AIDS/STI/and TB, Human Sciences Research Council, 134 Pretorius Street, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Oct;8(10):3859-70. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8103859. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
The aim of this study was to assess overweight and obesity and associated factors in school-going adolescents in low income African countries (Ghana, Uganda). The total sample included 5,613 school children aged 13 to 15 years from nationally representative samples from two African countries. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between dietary behavior, substance use, physical activity, psychosocial factors and overweight or obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was determined based on self-reported height and weight and the international child body mass index standards. Results indicate a prevalence of overweight or obesity of 10.4% among girls and 3.2% among boys, and 0.9% and 0.5% obesity only among girls and boys, respectively. Among girls smoking cigarettes and loneliness and among boys smoking cigarettes were found to be associated with overweight or obesity in multivariable analysis. Overweight status was not associated with the intake of fruits, vegetables, and sedentary behavior. Low prevalence rates of overweight or obesity were found in Ghana and Uganda. Smoking cessation and social programs could be integrated into strategies to prevent and treat overweight and obesity in youth.
本研究旨在评估低收入非洲国家（加纳、乌干达）在校青少年的超重和肥胖情况及其相关因素。总样本包括来自两个非洲国家的具有全国代表性的 5613 名 13 至 15 岁的在校儿童。进行了单变量和多变量分析，以评估饮食行为、物质使用、体育活动、社会心理因素与超重或肥胖之间的关系。超重和肥胖的患病率是根据自我报告的身高和体重以及国际儿童体重指数标准确定的。结果表明，女孩的超重或肥胖患病率为 10.4%，男孩为 3.2%，女孩的肥胖患病率为 0.9%，男孩为 0.5%。多变量分析显示，女孩中吸烟和孤独感，以及男孩中吸烟与超重或肥胖有关。超重状态与水果、蔬菜摄入和久坐行为无关。在加纳和乌干达，超重或肥胖的患病率较低。可以将戒烟和社会项目纳入预防和治疗青少年超重和肥胖的策略中。
