Jones Jessica L, Isaacowitz Derek M, Ayduk Özlem
Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2024 Nov 6:1461672241290397. doi: 10.1177/01461672241290397.
Emotion regulation research has routinely pitted the antecedent-focused strategy of cognitive reappraisal against the response-focused strategy of expressive suppression. This research has largely yielded that reappraisal is an effective strategy by which to change emotional experience, but implications of expressive suppression are not as clear. This may be due to variations in experimental methodologies, which have not consistently evaluated suppression against a within-subject control condition, as well as conceptual limitations that have muddled the implications of significant findings. Across two high-powered, within-subject paradigms, the present study demonstrates that expressive suppression induces significant decreases in negative emotion relative to one's general attempts to downregulate negative emotion (Study 1) and respond naturally (Study 2). Our findings add to a growing body of literature that demonstrate that suppression may facilitate emotion regulation at both the expressive and experiential levels, and underscore the importance of incorporating flexibility and goal-focused frameworks in future research.
情绪调节研究通常将认知重评这种以先行事件为重点的策略与表达抑制这种以反应为重点的策略进行对比。这项研究在很大程度上得出结论，重评是一种改变情绪体验的有效策略，但表达抑制的影响并不那么明确。这可能是由于实验方法的差异，这些方法没有始终如一地在个体内部对照条件下评估抑制，以及概念上的局限性，这些局限性混淆了重要发现的影响。在两个高功效的个体内部范式中，本研究表明，相对于个体下调负面情绪的一般尝试（研究1）和自然反应（研究2），表达抑制会导致负面情绪显著降低。我们的研究结果为越来越多的文献增添了内容，这些文献表明抑制可能在表达和体验层面都有助于情绪调节，并强调了在未来研究中纳入灵活性和以目标为导向的框架的重要性。
