Gross J J
Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2130, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Jan;74(1):224-37. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.74.1.224.
Using a process model of emotion, a distinction between antecedent-focused and response-focused emotion regulation is proposed. To test this distinction, 120 participants were shown a disgusting film while their experiential, behavioral, and physiological responses were recorded. Participants were told to either (a) think about the film in such a way that they would feel nothing (reappraisal, a form of antecedent-focused emotion regulation), (b) behave in such a way that someone watching them would not know they were feeling anything (suppression, a form of response-focused emotion regulation), or (c) watch the film (a control condition). Compared with the control condition, both reappraisal and suppression were effective in reducing emotion-expressive behavior. However, reappraisal decreased disgust experience, whereas suppression increased sympathetic activation. These results suggest that these 2 emotion regulatory processes may have different adaptive consequences.
基于情绪的过程模型，提出了前因聚焦型和反应聚焦型情绪调节的区分。为了验证这种区分，向120名参与者播放了一部令人厌恶的影片，同时记录他们的体验、行为和生理反应。参与者被告知要么（a）以一种不会有任何感觉的方式去思考影片（重新评价，一种前因聚焦型情绪调节方式），（b）以一种让观看他们的人看不出他们有任何感觉的方式去表现（抑制，一种反应聚焦型情绪调节方式），要么（c）观看影片（对照条件）。与对照条件相比，重新评价和抑制在减少情绪表达行为方面均有效。然而，重新评价降低了厌恶体验，而抑制增加了交感神经激活。这些结果表明，这两种情绪调节过程可能具有不同的适应性后果。
