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处于自杀边缘的年轻女性:日常生活的各个方面、转折点以及保护轨迹。

On the margins of suicide: everyday horizons, turning points and trajectories of protection in peripheral young women.

机构信息

Instituto Nacional da Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

出版信息

Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Nov 4;40(10):e00055824. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN055824. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Suicidal behavior and non-suicidal self-harm in vulnerable groups and population minorities pose a challenge for suicidology, complicating the universality of suicide. The goal of this paper is to analyze the lives of young women from marginalized communities, considering their experiences with suicidality and their relational and violent horizons. Nine women who took part in the fifth wave of a cohort on mental health and violence (2005-2022) in São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, were interviewed (2022) about the contexts that kept them from committing suicide despite significant emotional distress from childhood through youth. From theme-based content analysis, three categories stood out and may contribute to an intersectional, decolonial and socially relevant approach to preventing self-destructive behavior. In the first, views on self-inflicted violence, better explained by the cores concepts of "sin" and "illness" than by the general violence they experienced. In the second, indirect references to self-harm behavior, where it was recognized that the use of euphemisms reflects not only the taboo but also the silencing of and discrimination against minorities. In the third, layers of protection and turning points, where "spirituality", "occupation" and "motherhood" were interpreted as the main associations between factors of protection and resilience in the trajectories and daily lives of these young women. A closer look that acknowledges the humanity, rights and psychological distress of groups subjected to violence and discrimination not only enhances care and prevention of suicidal behavior but also deepens understanding of this human and universal phenomenon.

摘要

自杀行为和非自杀性自伤在弱势群体和少数人群体中构成了自杀学的挑战,使自杀的普遍性变得复杂。本文的目的是分析边缘化社区的年轻女性的生活,考虑她们的自杀经历以及她们的关系和暴力视野。在巴西里约热内卢州圣贡萨洛,有 9 名女性参加了心理健康和暴力的第五波队列研究(2005-2022 年),她们(2022 年)接受了采访,内容是关于让她们在童年到青年期间经历了严重的情绪困扰但仍未自杀的生活背景。通过基于主题的内容分析,突出了三个类别,这些类别可能有助于对预防自杀行为采取交叉、去殖民化和与社会相关的方法。在第一个类别中,对自伤行为的看法可以更好地用“罪”和“病”等核心概念来解释,而不是用她们所经历的一般暴力来解释。在第二个类别中,间接提到了自伤行为,在这一类中,人们认识到使用委婉语不仅反映了禁忌,也反映了对少数群体的沉默和歧视。在第三个类别中,保护和转折点的层次,其中“灵性”、“职业”和“母亲身份”被解释为这些年轻女性的轨迹和日常生活中保护和适应因素之间的主要联系。这种承认遭受暴力和歧视的群体的人性、权利和心理困扰的仔细观察,不仅增强了对自杀行为的护理和预防,也加深了对这一人类和普遍现象的理解。

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本文引用的文献

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Suicide and Suicidal Behaviors Among Minoritized Youth.少数族裔青年的自杀与自杀行为。
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Black Youth Suicide: Investigation of Current Trends and Precipitating Circumstances.黑人青年自杀:当前趋势与促成因素的调查。
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