Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza - BCM350, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: Kerry.O'
Menninger Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Boulevard, E4.203. Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2024 Dec;47(4):689-709. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2024.04.012. Epub 2024 Jun 10.
Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric illness and include disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PD), and social anxiety disorder (SAD). Psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy are both effective treatments for anxiety disorders, with efficacy between 60% and 85%. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are first-line pharmacologic treatment for GAD, PD, and SAD. Recommendations for treating pediatric and geriatric populations vary slightly, but first-line treatments remain the same. Recent advancements in the treatment of anxiety disorders are limited although research has discovered novel pathways, which may lead to additional treatment options in the future.
焦虑障碍是最常见的精神疾病,包括广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)、惊恐障碍(PD)和社交焦虑障碍(SAD)等疾病。心理治疗和药物治疗都是焦虑障碍的有效治疗方法,疗效在 60%到 85%之间。选择性 5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂和 5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂是 GAD、PD 和 SAD 的一线药物治疗。治疗儿科和老年人群的建议略有不同,但一线治疗方法仍然相同。尽管研究发现了新的途径,这可能会导致未来出现更多的治疗选择,但焦虑障碍的治疗进展仍然有限。