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阿尔茨海默病中的β淀粉样蛋白抗体治疗:近期数据更新及临床常规应用展望

Amyloid-beta antibody treatment in Alzheimer's disease : An update on recent data and outlook on implementation in clinical routine.

作者信息

Stögmann Elisabeth, Schmidt Reinhold

机构信息

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 22, 8036, Graz, Austria.

出版信息

Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2025 Mar;137(5-6):182-188. doi: 10.1007/s00508-024-02466-7. Epub 2024 Nov 6.

DOI:10.1007/s00508-024-02466-7
PMID:39505779
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11926045/
Abstract

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) antibody treatment has emerged as a promising approach for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), targeting the accumulation of Aβ plaques, which are a hallmark of the disease. This review provides an update on recent clinical trial data, highlighting the efficacy and safety of various antibodies targeting Aβ. Recent trials have demonstrated that certain Aβ antibodies can reduce amyloid plaques and slow cognitive decline in patients with early AD. Key findings from trials of drugs are discussed, including their mechanisms of action, dosing regimens, and observed side effects. The potential for Aβ antibody therapy to be integrated into routine clinical practice is also explored. While Aβ antibody therapy represents a significant advancement in AD treatment, ongoing research is needed to optimize their use and understand their long-term impact. This review underscores the importance of personalized medicine in AD and the need for continued innovation in therapeutic strategies.

摘要

β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抗体治疗已成为治疗阿尔茨海默病(AD)的一种有前景的方法,其针对的是Aβ斑块的积累,而Aβ斑块是该疾病的一个标志。本综述提供了近期临床试验数据的更新,突出了各种靶向Aβ的抗体的疗效和安全性。近期试验表明,某些Aβ抗体可减少早期AD患者的淀粉样斑块并减缓认知衰退。讨论了药物试验的主要发现,包括其作用机制、给药方案和观察到的副作用。还探讨了Aβ抗体疗法整合到常规临床实践中的潜力。虽然Aβ抗体疗法代表了AD治疗的重大进展,但仍需要进行持续研究以优化其使用并了解其长期影响。本综述强调了个性化医疗在AD中的重要性以及治疗策略持续创新的必要性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1868/11926045/bf476dab6e68/508_2024_2466_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1868/11926045/bf476dab6e68/508_2024_2466_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1868/11926045/bf476dab6e68/508_2024_2466_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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JAMA. 2023 Dec 19;330(23):2304-2305. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.21109.
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Donanemab in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer Disease: The TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.多奈哌齐治疗早期症状性阿尔茨海默病的随机临床试验。
JAMA. 2023 Aug 8;330(6):512-527. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.13239.
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Lecanemab: Appropriate Use Recommendations.仑卡奈单抗:合理使用建议。
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2023;10(3):362-377. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2023.30.
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Editorial: Lecanemab: Appropriate Use Recommendations - A Commentary from a European Perspective.社论:乐卡奈单抗:合理使用建议——来自欧洲视角的评论
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Current and future perspectives of an early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.认知障碍早期诊断的现状与未来展望。
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Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer's Disease.早期阿尔茨海默病中的lecanemab
N Engl J Med. 2023 Jan 5;388(1):9-21. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2212948. Epub 2022 Nov 29.
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Two Randomized Phase 3 Studies of Aducanumab in Early Alzheimer's Disease.两项早期阿尔茨海默病中阿杜卡努单抗的随机 3 期研究。
J Prev Alzheimers Dis. 2022;9(2):197-210. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2022.30.
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Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities and β-Amyloid-Targeting Antibodies: A Systematic Review.淀粉样蛋白相关成像异常与β淀粉样蛋白靶向抗体:一项系统综述。
JAMA Neurol. 2022 Mar 1;79(3):291-304. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.5205.
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A randomized, double-blind, phase 2b proof-of-concept clinical trial in early Alzheimer's disease with lecanemab, an anti-Aβ protofibril antibody.一项针对早期阿尔茨海默病的仑卡奈单抗(抗 Aβ 原纤维抗体)的随机、双盲、2b 期概念验证临床试验。
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