Rygiel Katarzyna
Department of Family Practice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice Zabrze, Poland.
Indian J Pharmacol. 2016 Nov-Dec;48(6):629-636. doi: 10.4103/0253-7613.194867.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial, progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a poor prognosis, and thus, novel therapies for AD are certainly needed in a growing population of elderly patients or asymptomatic individuals, who are at risk for AD, worldwide. It has been established that some AD biomarkers such as amyloid-beta load in the brain, precede the onset of the disease, by approximately 20 years. Therefore, the therapy to prevent or effectively treat AD has to be initiated before the emergence of symptoms. A goal of this review is to present the results of recent clinical trials on monoclonal antibodies against amyloid beta, used for the treatment of AD and also to address some of the current challenges and emerging strategies to prevent AD. In recent trials, a monoclonal antibody, i.e. solanezumab has shown some beneficial cognitive effects among mild AD patients. Ongoing studies with gantenerumab and crenezumab will examine when exactly the AD treatment, aimed at modifying the disease course has to be started. This review was based on Medline database search for trials on passive anti-AD immunotherapy, for which the main timeframe was set from 2012 to 2015.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种多因素的、进行性神经退行性疾病，预后较差。因此，在全球老年患者或有患AD风险的无症状个体不断增加的情况下，确实需要针对AD的新疗法。已经确定，一些AD生物标志物，如大脑中的β-淀粉样蛋白负荷，在疾病发作前约20年就已出现。因此，预防或有效治疗AD的疗法必须在症状出现之前启动。本综述的一个目标是展示近期针对用于治疗AD的抗β-淀粉样蛋白单克隆抗体的临床试验结果，并探讨当前预防AD的一些挑战和新出现的策略。在近期试验中，一种单克隆抗体，即索拉珠单抗，在轻度AD患者中显示出一些有益的认知效果。正在进行的关于甘特珠单抗和克奈珠单抗的研究将考察旨在改变疾病进程的AD治疗究竟应在何时开始。本综述基于对Medline数据库中被动抗AD免疫疗法试验的搜索，主要时间范围设定为2012年至2015年。
