Låftman Sara Brolin, Lundin Andreas, Östberg Viveca
Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Public Health. 2024 Nov 6:14034948241290927. doi: 10.1177/14034948241290927.
The transition from adolescence to young adulthood, often referred to as 'emerging adulthood', is a challenging period in life, and mental health problems are common. Although a large number of studies have shown that social support is linked with fewer mental health problems, few longitudinal studies have examined these associations during this life phase. The aim of the current study was to examine the associations between perceived social support from different sources - family, friends and significant other - at age 17-18 and symptoms of depression and anxiety at age 20-21.
Data were obtained from the cohort study Futura01 based on a Swedish national sample of adolescents attending grade 9 in 2016/2017. We used survey information from 2019 (age 17-18) and 2022 (age 20-21) and linked registry information (=2722). Symptoms of depression and anxiety were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) at age 20-21. Perceived social support was measured by the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) at age 17-18. Control variables included sociodemographic characteristics and indicators of mental health problems at age 17-18. Binary logistic regressions were performed.
When mutually adjusting for all sources of perceived social support, family support at age 17-18 had inverse associations with symptoms of both depression and anxiety at age 20-21. Perceived support from friends was associated with subsequent symptoms of anxiety only.
Perceived social support can be a protective factor against mental health problems in emerging adulthood. The family serves a particularly important source of social support.
从青春期到青年期的过渡，通常被称为“新兴成年期”，是人生中一个具有挑战性的阶段，心理健康问题很常见。尽管大量研究表明社会支持与较少的心理健康问题有关，但很少有纵向研究考察这一人生阶段的这些关联。本研究的目的是考察17 - 18岁时来自不同来源——家庭、朋友和重要他人——的感知社会支持与20 - 21岁时抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关联。
数据来自Futura01队列研究，该研究基于2016/2017年瑞典全国九年级青少年样本。我们使用了2019年（17 - 18岁）和2022年（20 - 21岁）的调查信息，并链接了登记信息（=2722）。20 - 21岁时通过患者健康问卷 - 4（PHQ - 4）测量抑郁和焦虑症状。17 - 18岁时通过多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）测量感知社会支持。控制变量包括17 - 18岁时的社会人口学特征和心理健康问题指标。进行了二元逻辑回归。
在对所有感知社会支持来源进行相互调整后，17 - 18岁时的家庭支持与20 - 21岁时的抑郁和焦虑症状均呈负相关。来自朋友的感知支持仅与随后的焦虑症状相关。
感知社会支持可以成为新兴成年期心理健康问题的保护因素。家庭是社会支持的一个特别重要的来源。
