Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Nov 6;24(1):456. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03618-5.
Urolithiasis is a prevalent urological ailment characterized by increasing prevalence and recurrence rates, resulting in substantial social and economic burden. While men exhibit an incidence rate nearly twice that of women, this gender disparity is gradually diminishing. Nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying this condition remain incompletely elucidated. The identification of the urinary microbiome (urobiome) has provided a fresh perspective on urolithiasis. This study aimed to analyze the urobiome of unilateral stone formers in the renal pelvis and evaluate the variations in microbial diversity and community composition between males and females.
Renal pelvis urine samples were obtained from a cohort of 21 male and 9 female patients and subsequently subjected to taxonomic and functional analysis using 2bRAD sequencing for Microbiome (2bRAD-M). The collected samples were categorized into four distinct groups, namely the stone side of males (SM), stone side of females (SF), non-stone side of males (NSM), and non-stone side of females (NSF).
Through the application of beta diversity analysis, dissimilarity was observed between NSM and NSF. Additionally, NSF exhibited a higher abundance of microbial populations, and a total of 29 distinct species were identified as differentially present between NSM and NSF using LEfSe. Lactobacillus iners, Atopobium deltae, Lawsonella clevelandensis, and Meyerozyma guilliermondii exhibited enrichment in the SF group compared to the SM group. Furthermore, we identified distinct species that differed between the SM and NSM groups, as well as the SF and NSF groups. Besides, we conducted COG annotation and KEGG pathway predictions, revealing significant differences in urobiome function across the different groups.
Variations in microbial community composition and predicted functions were observed among the various groups. Future research could potentially leverage the urobiome to personalize urolithiasis treatment based on individual microbial characteristics, taking into account gender-specific differences.
尿石症是一种常见的泌尿系统疾病，其患病率和复发率呈上升趋势，给社会和经济带来了巨大负担。男性的发病率几乎是女性的两倍，但这种性别差异正在逐渐缩小。然而，这种疾病的发病机制仍不完全清楚。尿微生物组（urobiome）的发现为尿石症提供了新的视角。本研究旨在分析肾盂单侧结石形成者的尿微生物组，并评估男性和女性之间微生物多样性和群落组成的变化。
从 21 名男性和 9 名女性患者的队列中获取肾盂尿液样本，然后使用 2bRAD 测序进行分类和功能分析（2bRAD-M）。收集的样本分为四个不同的组，即男性结石侧（SM）、女性结石侧（SF）、男性非结石侧（NSM）和女性非结石侧（NSF）。
通过β多样性分析，发现 NSM 和 NSF 之间存在差异。此外，NSF 中微生物种群的丰度更高，通过 LEfSe 鉴定出 29 种不同的物种在 NSM 和 NSF 之间存在差异。与 SM 组相比，SF 组中乳杆菌属（Lactobacillus iners）、戴氏阿托波菌（Atopobium deltae）、克利夫兰氏劳森菌（Lawsonella clevelandensis）和酿酒酵母（Meyerozyma guilliermondii）的丰度更高。此外，我们还鉴定出了 SM 和 NSM 组、SF 和 NSF 组之间存在差异的特定物种。此外，我们还进行了 COG 注释和 KEGG 途径预测，揭示了不同组之间尿微生物组功能的显著差异。
不同组之间观察到微生物群落组成和预测功能的变化。未来的研究可能会利用尿微生物组根据个体微生物特征为尿石症治疗提供个性化方案，同时考虑到性别差异。
