El Moshy Sara, Radwan Israa Ahmed, Matoug-Elwerfelli Manal, Abdou Ahmed, Abbass Marwa M S
Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Pre-clinical Oral Sciences Department, College of Dental Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2024 Nov 2;16:453-465. doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S478045. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to investigate the biomimetic effect of agarose hydrogel loaded with enamel matrix derivative (EMD-agarose) alone or in combination with nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA-EMD-agarose) on the remineralization of human demineralized enamel.
Extracted human mandibular third molars were sectioned into 54 buccal and lingual halves. Acid-resistant nail varnish was applied to each half, except for two enamel windows. Enamel surface microhardness, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were conducted to evaluate enamel surfaces at baseline, following demineralization with 37% phosphoric acid, and after each hydrogel application and remineralization for two, four, and six days. Remineralization was performed using a phosphate solution at 37°C.
At day 6 following remineralization, a statistically significant higher mean microhardness was recorded in n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel (260.87 ± 3.52) as compared to EMD-agarose hydrogel (244.63 ± 2.76) (p = 0.027). Similarly, n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel showed a higher mean calcium (46.31 ± 2.78), phosphorous (24.92 ± 0.826), and fluoride (0.909 ± 0.053) weight percentage compared to EMD-agarose hydrogel calcium (19.64 ± 1.092), phosphorous (19.64 ± 1.092), and fluoride (0.7033 ± 0.0624) weight percentage (p < 0.05). Further, SEM analysis revealed a substantial deposition of n-HA following the application of the n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel, whereas the EMD-agarose exhibited a relatively smooth enamel surface with less visible enamel rods due to mineral deposition.
The combined n-HA-EMD-agarose hydrogel demonstrated improved surface microhardness of the remineralized enamel and enhanced mineral content deposition, indicating its potential as a biomimetic approach for dental enamel repair.
本研究旨在调查单独加载釉基质衍生物的琼脂糖水凝胶（EMD-琼脂糖）或与纳米羟基磷灰石联合使用（n-HA-EMD-琼脂糖）对人脱矿釉质再矿化的仿生效果。
将拔除的人类下颌第三磨牙切成54个颊侧和舌侧半块。除两个釉质窗口外，在每一半上涂抹耐酸指甲油。进行釉质表面显微硬度、能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析，以评估基线时、用37%磷酸脱矿后、每次应用水凝胶后以及再矿化2天、4天和6天后的釉质表面。使用37°C的磷酸盐溶液进行再矿化。
再矿化6天后，与EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶（244.63±2.76）相比，n-HA-EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶（260.87±3.52）的平均显微硬度在统计学上显著更高（p=0.027）。同样，与EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶的钙（19.64±1.092）、磷（19.64±1.092）和氟（0.7033±0.0624）重量百分比相比，n-HA-EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶的平均钙（46.31±2.78）、磷（24.92±0.826）和氟（0.909±0.053）重量百分比更高（p<0.05）。此外，SEM分析显示，应用n-HA-EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶后有大量n-HA沉积，而EMD-琼脂糖由于矿物质沉积，釉质表面相对光滑，釉柱不太明显。
联合使用的n-HA-EMD-琼脂糖水凝胶显示出再矿化釉质表面显微硬度提高和矿物质含量沉积增强，表明其作为牙釉质修复仿生方法的潜力。
