Krell-Roesch Janina, Syrjanen Jeremy A, Moeller Tobias, Krafft Jelena, Barisch-Fritz Bettina, Kremers Walter K, Ali Farwa, Knopman David S, Petersen Ronald C, Stein Thorsten, Woll Alexander, Vassilaki Maria, Geda Yonas E
Institute of Sports and Sports Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany.
Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester Minnesota USA.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Nov 6;7(11):e70108. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70108. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher gait speed. We aimed to examine the associations between PA and change in spatial and temporal gait measures as well as fall risk in community-dwelling individuals free of dementia.
Longitudinal study among 4173 individuals aged ≥50 years (mean age 71 years; 2078 males; median follow-up 4 years) enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Self-reported late-life PA was used to calculate overall PA and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) scores. Gait was assessed using GAITRite® and Zeno™ systems. Incident falls information was based on diagnostic codes retrieved from medical records. We ran linear mixed effects models to examine associations between z-scored PA variables and longitudinal gait parameters, adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index (BMI), medical comorbidities, and including interactions between PA and time since baseline. In secondary analyses, we calculated Cox Proportional hazard models with age as time scale predicting incident falls by PA, adjusting for sex, education, BMI, medical comorbidities, and falls history.
At baseline, higher PA was associated with higher velocity (overall PA: estimate 2.9935; MVPA: 2.2961; < 0.001), higher cadence (overall PA: 1.0665; MVPA: 0.9073; < 0.001), greater stride length (overall PA: 2.0805; MVPA: 1.4726; < 0.001), shorter double support time (overall PA: -0.0257; MVPA: -0.0205; < 0.001), and lower stance time variability (overall PA: -0.0204, < 0.001; MVPA: -0.0152; = 0.006). Overall PA was longitudinally associated with less decline in cadence, and MVPA with less increase in intraindividual stance time variability. Overall PA (Hazard ratio 0.892, 95% confidence interval 0.828-0.961, = 0.003) and MVPA (HR 0.901; 95% CI 0.835-0.973, = 0.008) were associated with a decreased risk of incident falls.
Late-life PA was associated with favorable gait outcomes and decreased risk of incident falls. Thus, late-life PA may help to maintain gait performance and decrease fall risk in old age.
身体活动（PA）与更高的步速相关。我们旨在研究PA与社区居住的无痴呆个体的空间和时间步态指标变化以及跌倒风险之间的关联。
对梅奥诊所衰老研究中纳入的4173名年龄≥50岁（平均年龄71岁；男性2078名；中位随访4年）的个体进行纵向研究。使用自我报告的晚年PA来计算总体PA和中等强度至剧烈强度PA（MVPA）得分。使用GAITRite®和Zeno™系统评估步态。跌倒事件信息基于从医疗记录中检索的诊断代码。我们运行线性混合效应模型来研究标准化PA变量与纵向步态参数之间的关联，并对年龄、性别、教育程度、体重指数（BMI）、合并症进行了调整，同时纳入了PA与基线后时间之间的相互作用。在二次分析中，我们计算了以年龄为时间尺度的Cox比例风险模型，以预测PA导致的跌倒事件，并对性别、教育程度、BMI、合并症和跌倒史进行了调整。
在基线时，较高的PA与较高的速度相关（总体PA：估计值2.9935；MVPA：2.2961；P＜0.001），较高的步频（总体PA：1.0665；MVPA：0.9073；P＜0.001），更大的步幅（总体PA：2.0805；MVPA：1.4726；P＜0.001），更短的双支撑时间（总体PA：-0.0257；MVPA：-0.0205；P＜0.001），以及更低的站立时间变异性（总体PA：-0.0204，P＜0.001；MVPA：-0.0152；P = 0.006）。总体PA在纵向与步频下降较少相关，MVPA与个体内站立时间变异性增加较少相关。总体PA（风险比0.892，95%置信区间0.828 - 0.961，P = 0.003）和MVPA（HR 0.901；95% CI 0.835 - 0.973，P = 0.008）与跌倒事件风险降低相关。
晚年PA与良好的步态结果和跌倒事件风险降低相关。因此，晚年PA可能有助于维持老年时的步态表现并降低跌倒风险。
